2012—2020年济南市非免疫规划疫苗使用情况分析  

Non-national immunization program vaccine use in Jinan, 2012—2020

作　　者：刘晓雪[1] 李传彬[1] 张涛 林少倩[1] 赵小冬[1] 李战[1] 赵建云[1] 耿兴义[1] LIU Xiao-xue;LI Chuan-bin;ZHANG Tao;LIN Shao-qian;ZHAO Xiao-dong;LI Zhan;ZHAO Jian-yun;GENG Xing-yi(Jinan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jinan,Shandong 250021,China)

机构地区：[1]济南市疾病预防控制中心,山东250021

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2021年第17期3088-3092,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析2012—2020年济南市非免疫规划疫苗(Non-National Immunization Program Vaccine, nNIP)的使用情况,为提高和加强nNIP疫苗的接种服务与管理提供参考。方法对2012—2020年济南市nNIP疫苗使用数据进行描述分析。结果 2012—2020年,济南市使用的nNIP疫苗总量在553 720~1 407 987剂次之间,nNIP疫苗占疫苗总使用量的比例在28%~30%之间。nNIP疫苗使用种类在15~25种之间,呈逐年增加趋势。城区人均nNIP疫苗使用量高于农村地区,城乡人均接种剂次比为2.05∶1。使用量较多的nNIP疫苗主要有水痘、EV71、狂犬、A群C群流脑结合、ACYW135群流脑多糖、流感、乙肝和甲肝疫苗,近年五联、四联、PCV13和HPV疫苗使用量也进入前10位。可替代免疫规划疫苗的几种主要nNIP疫苗使用总量由17.71万剂增至34.03万剂,总平均替代率为23.44%(16.58%~30.59%之间),其中以A群C群流脑结合替代A群流脑多糖疫苗比例最高。结论 2012—2020年济南市nNIP疫苗使用量基本呈上升趋势,nNIP疫苗使用种类和人均使用剂次城市地区多于农村地区。应通过健康宣教、增加政府投入和创新激励机制等措施提高nNIP疫苗利用率。Objective To analyze the use of Non-National Immunization Program Vaccines(nNIP) in Jinan from 2012 to 2020, and provide a reference for improving and strengthening the vaccination service and management of nNIP vaccines. Methods Descriptive analysis was made on nNIP vaccine use in Jinan from 2012 to 2020. Results From 2012 to 2020, the nNIP vaccine doses used ranged from 553 720 to 1 407 987 and the proportion accounted for total vaccines ranged from 28% to 30%. There are 15 to 25 kinds of nNIP vaccines used in Jinan, showing an increasing trend year by year. The per capita use of nNIP vaccines in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas with a ratio of 2.05∶1. The top nNIP vaccines used were varicella, EV71, rabies, MenAC, MenACYW, Influenza, HepB and HepA vaccines, and DTaP-IPV/Hib, DTaP-Hib. PCV13 and HPV vaccines reached the top 10 in recent years.The total amount of several main nNIP vaccines used for NIP vaccine alternatives increased from 177 143 to 340 293, and the total replacement proportion was 23.44%(16.58%-30.59%). The proportion of MenAC conjugate vaccine replacing MenA polysaccharide vaccine was the highest. Conclusion From 2012 to 2020, the types of nNIP vaccines used in urban area of Jinan were more than those in rural areas, and the doses per capita in urban was more than that in rural areas. Measures such as health promotion, government financial input and incentive innovations should be adopted to improve uptake of nNIP vaccines.

关 键 词：非免疫规划疫苗 使用情况 替代 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]