基于排队论模型的预防接种门诊资源配置优化  

Resource allocation optimization of vaccination clinic service based on queuing theory model

作　　者：郭新涛 张钧[5] 杨威[1,2,3] 邹卓璋[1] 吴俊杰 张国太 GUO Xin-tao;ZHANG Jun;YANG Wei;ZOU Zhuo-zhang;WU Jun-jie;ZHANG Guo-tai(Key Laboratory of Networked Control Systems,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang,Liaoning 110016,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院网络化控制系统重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110016 [2]中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 [3]中国科学院机器人与智能制造创新研究院 [4]中国科学院大学 [5]苏州市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2021年第17期3172-3175,3181,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨门诊为缩短疫苗接种总时长所需要的服务台数量优化方案。方法统计苏州市某10家半日接种量在201~250人次门诊一周的预防接种记录数据,构建门诊服务系统排队论模型,分析预检、登记、接种环节服务台的运行状况,通过优化各环节服务台数量缩短疫苗接种流程总时长,并提出半日接种量不同的门诊改进方案。结果各门诊预检、登记、接种环节1 min内受种者到达数量服从参数不同的泊松分布、服务台平均服务人次服从参数不同的负指数分布,通过模型计算得出这些门诊预检、登记、接种环节的服务台最佳配置数量分别为1台、4台和5台,单人平均接种流程总时长为8.86~11.72 min,与原有配置相比,不同门诊降低幅度在30.8%~57.5%。结论苏州市半日接种量为201~250人次的门诊各环节最佳的服务台配置数量为1台预检、4台登记、5台接种。门诊可通过调整各个环节的服务台数量,大幅减少接种流程时长和服务强度,提高服务效率,改善服务体验。Objective To discuss the optimization scheme of numbers of service stations that needed to shorten the total time of vaccination in the clinic. Methods In this paper, vaccination records of 10 clinics in Suzhou were calculated with a semi-diurnal vaccination headcount of 201-250 for a week, and the queuing theory model of clinic service system was built to analyze the operation of the precheck, registration, and vaccination process in station. By optimizing the number of service stations, the queuing time was shortened, and it was extended to the vaccination clinics with different semi-diurnal vaccination quantity. Results The number of recipients of clinic precheck, registration and vaccination process within-1-minute followed the Poisson distribution with different parameters, and the average headcounts for each service station subjected to the negative exponential distribution with different parameters. By the queuing theory model, it showed that the optimal number of service stations for the precheck, registration, and inoculation process was 1, 4 and 5, respectively. The median total length of the vaccination process for a single person was 8.86-11.72 minutes. Compared with the previous configuration, the reduction rate for different clinics was 30.08%-57.5%. Conclusion The optimal number of service stations in each process of clinics with a semi-diurnal vaccination headcount of 201-250 in Suzhou City is 1 for pre-check, 4 for registration and 5 for vaccination. The clinics can largely reduce the length of the vaccination process and service intensity by adjusting the number of service stations in each process, promote service efficiency and improve the service image.

关 键 词：排队论模型 预防接种门诊 资源配置优化 接种流程总时长 半日接种量 

分 类 号：R197.2[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]