2016—2020年泸州市农村集中式供水水质监测分析  

Monitoring and analysis of rural central water supply quality in Luzhou, 2016—2020

作　　者：赖晋锋[1] 苏勤[1] 胡馨月 宋天银 陈霞 刘娅 LAI Jin-feng;SU Qin;HU Xin-yue;SONG Tian-yin;CHEN Xia;LIU Ya(Liizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Luzhou,Sichuan 646000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]泸州市疾病预防控制中心,四川646000 [2]西南医科大学公共卫生学院

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2021年第17期3238-3241,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：2020年基本公共卫生服务中央补助资金(泸市财社[2020]23号);四川省基层卫生事业发展研究中心项目(SWFZ15-Y-40)。

摘　　要：目的了解泸州市2016—2020年农村集中式供水卫生状况和变化趋势,为进一步提高制水和供水质量提供科学依据和参考意见。方法收集泸州市2016—2020年农村集中式供水监测数据,对照GB 5749—2006《生活饮用水卫生标准》对水质进行分析评价。结果 2016—2020年共检测农村水样2 697份,总合格率为81.31%,呈上升趋势(X趋势2=27.265,P<0.001);不同处理方式、消毒方式、消毒设备使用和有无卫生许可证与水质合格率有关(P<0.05),不同供水方式、水期、水源类型和水样类型与水质合格率无关(P>0.05);浑浊度、总大肠菌群、游离氯/二氧化氯、菌落总数、耗氧量等指标合格率相对较低;年份(P<0.001,OR=1.222)、消毒方式(P=0.002,OR=1.407)、消毒设备使用(P<0.001,OR=4.024)、卫生许可证(P<0.001,OR=2.001)和处理方式(P=0.028,OR=3.205)这5个变量与水质总体合格情况有关。结论泸州市农村集中式供水卫生状况总体较好,近五年水质呈上升的趋势,微生物、消毒剂和浑浊度等是影响水质合格率的主要指标,卫生许可和监管、水处理和消毒设施是否完善和正确使用是重要因素,建议采取相应措施持续提升供水水质。Objective To understand the sanitary status and changing trend of rural central water supply in Luzhou City from 2016 to 2020, so as to provide scientific basis and reference for further improving the quality of water-making and water supply. Methods The monitoring data of rural central water supply in Luzhou City from 2016 to 2020 were collected, and the water quality was analyzed and evaluated by comparing with GB 5749-2006. Results From 2016 to 2020, a total of 2 697 rural water samples were tested, and the overall qualified rate was 81.31%, showing an upward trend(χ^(2)= 27.265, P<0.001). Different treatment methods, disinfection methods, the use of disinfection equipment and the presence or absence of sanitary licenses were related to the qualified rate of water quality(P<0.05). The water supply mode, water period, water source type and water sample type were not related to the water quality qualified rate(P>0.05). The qualified rates of turbidity, total coliform bacteria, free chlorine/chlorine dioxide, total colony and oxygen consumption were relatively low. The five variables of year(P<0.001,OR=1.222), mode of disinfection(P=0.002,OR=1.407), use of disinfection equipment(P<0.001,OR=4.024), sanitary certificate(P<0.001,OR=2.001) and treatment mode(P=0.028,OR=3.205) were related to the water quality. Conclusion The sanitary condition of rural central water supply in Luzhou City is generally good, and the water quality has been on the rise in the past five years. Microorganisms, disinfectants and turbidity are the main indicators affecting the qualified rate of water quality. Sanitation licensing and supervision, water treatment and disinfection facilities and proper use are important factors. It is recommended to take appropriate measures to continuously improve the quality of water supply.

关 键 词：农村 集中式供水 水质监测 

分 类 号：R123[医药卫生—环境卫生学]