马鞍山市2016—2018年吸毒人群艾滋病哨点监测结果分析  

Prevalence of HIV infection and sexually transmitted diseases and their associates among drug users in Ma′ anshan city, 2016 – 2018: sentinel surveillance data analysis

作　　者：秦其荣[1,2] 项可霞 高媛[1] 朱宏斌[1] 张振[1] 黄芬[3] QIN Qi-rong;XIANG Ke-xia;GAO Yuan(Department of STD/AIDS Prevention and Control,Ma'anshan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Ma'anshan,Anhui Province 243011,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]安徽省马鞍山市疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病防治科,安徽马鞍山243011 [2]蚌埠医学院公共卫生学院 [3]安徽医科大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2021年第8期1209-1213,共5页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：中央财政艾滋病防治项目(2016—2018年)。

摘　　要：目的了解安徽省马鞍山市吸毒人群中艾滋病流行状况以及流行因素,为制定艾滋病防治策略和干预措施及效果评价提供依据。方法2016—2018年,每年选取至少400名吸毒人员进行监测,并收集分析哨点监测数据。结果2016—2018年连续3年共监测吸毒者1225人,吸毒人群主要以男性、汉族、本省户籍、已婚者为主,年龄集中在20~49岁,文化程度以初中文化为主。吸毒人群艾滋病知识总知晓率为82.3%(1008/1225),3年间差异无统计学意义。吸毒者吸食的毒品主要为海洛因和冰毒,各占34.4%(422/1225)和69.7%(854/1225),各年使用毒品种类比例差异无统计学意义。曾经用注射器注射吸毒的人员中丙肝病毒(HCV)感染率84.4%(353/418),明显高于没有使用注射器注射吸毒人员(χ2=802.171,P<0.05)。曾经注射吸毒的吸毒人群中最近1个月注射过毒品比例分别为59.3%(83/140)、44.0%(62/141)和3.6%(5/137),差异有统计学意义(χ2=99.203,P<0.05)。吸毒人群接受过同伴教育3年间的比例分别为36.5%(147/403)、20.9%(87/417)和14.6%(59/405),有明显统计学差异(χ2=56.522,P<0.05)。HIV抗体阳性率0.2%(2/1225),现症梅毒阳性率为9.4%(115/1225),HCV抗体阳性率为32.0%(392/1225)。结论马鞍山市吸毒人群HIV感染率较低,但梅毒和HCV感染率较高;艾滋病知识知晓率不高,接受同伴教育比例呈逐年下降趋势。Objective To examine the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) and sexually transmitted diseases(STDs) and their influencing factors among drug users in Maanshan city, Anhui province and to provide evidences for developing strategies and evaluating interventions on HIV infection and AIDS. Methods Under the National AIDS Sentinel Surveillance Program, annual surveillance including face-to-face interview and laboratory detection were conducted among at least 400 drug users in the city from 2016 to 2018. The collected data were analyzed with descriptive statistics.Results Totally 1 225 drug users were surveyed during the 3-year period and the majority of the drug users were married men, at ages of 20 – 49 years, being Han nationality, with registered family residence in local province, and with the education of junior high school. The overall awareness rate of AIDS knowledge was 82.3% among the drug users. Of the drug users, 34.4% and 69.7% reported the use of heroin and methamphetamine. No significant between year difference was observed in the awareness rate and type of drugs used among the drug users. Significantly higher rate of hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection(84.4%) was detected among the drug users with the history of injection drug use than among those without the history(χ2 = 802.171,P < 0.05). For the drug users with injection drug use history, the reported proportion of injection drug use during previous one month were 59.3%, 44.0% and 3.6% for the year of 2016 – 2018, respectively, with a significant difference(χ2 = 99.203, P < 0.05). For all the drug users, the reported ratio of receiving peer education were 36.5%, 20.9%, and 14.6% for the year of 2016 – 2018 and the yearly variation in the ratio was significant(χ2 = 56.522, P <0.05). The overall positive rate of HIV, syphilis and HCV antibody was 0.2%, 9.4% and 32.0% for all the drug users during the 3-year period. Conclusion For the period of 2016 – 2018 among the drug users in Ma’anshan city, the HIV infection rate was low but

关 键 词：艾滋病 吸毒人群 哨点监测 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]