三维井间地震侧面波传播特征及其分离研究  

Study on the propagation characteristics and separation of 3D cross-well seismic lateral wave

作　　者：金聪[1,2,3,4] 吴遵红 王薇 林松[1,2,3,4] 邓小虎 程邈[1,2,3,4] 谭凯 JIN Cong;WU ZhunHong;WANG Wei;LIN Song;DENG XiaoHu;CHEN Miao;TAN Kai(Institute of Seismology,CEA,Wuhan 430071,China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Earthquake Early Warning,Wuhan 430071,China;Hubei Earthquake Administration,Wuhan 430071,China;Wuhan Institute of Earthquake Engineering Co.Ltd.,Wuhan 430071,China;Hubei Special Equipment Inspection and Testing Institute,Wuhan 430071,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地震局地震研究所,武汉430071 [2]地震预警湖北省重点实验室,武汉430071 [3]湖北省地震局,武汉430071 [4]武汉地震工程研究院有限公司,武汉430071 [5]湖北特种设备检验检测研究院,武汉430071

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2021年第4期1531-1540,共10页Progress in Geophysics

基　　金：中国地震局地震研究所基本科研业务费专项资助项目;中国地震局地壳应力研究所基本科研业务费专项资助项目(IS201926301);湖北省市场监督管理局科技计划项目(Hbscjg-kj201911)联合资助。

摘　　要：井间地震与常规地震相比具有较高的分辨率,同时波场也更加复杂.利用视速度特征的差异很容易地分离井间上下行波场,根据纵横波偏振特征的不同可将纵横波完全分离,但是针对井间地震侧面波的研究并不多.本文构建高速透镜体和断层模型进行波场数值模拟,通过对三维地震波场的传播特征进行分析可知,井间地震接收的波场既有岩性分界面的响应,还会有侧向地质不均匀体产生的干扰,严重影响成像的质量和精度.经偏振旋转后的T分量记录对物性横向变化较为敏感,综合分析X、Y、Z分量和T分量上不同连井剖面的波场传播特征,可对侧向传播的干扰波进行有效识别,利用线性Radon变换可以在一定程度上将侧面波进行压制,为后续井间地震资料处理提供高信噪比的数据.本文通过理论模型进行试算研究,验证了该方法的有效性,并对理论记录取得了较好的分离效果.Compared with conventional seismic,cross-well seismic have higher resolution,but the wave fields is also more complicated.The difference between apparent velocity characteristics can be used to easily separate the up-going and down-going wave fields.According to the different polarization characteristics,P and S waves can be completely separated.But there is not much researchs on the lateral interference waves of cross-well.In this paper,a high-speed lens model and fault model are constructed for numerical simulation of the wave fields.By analyzing the propagation characteristics of the 3 D seismic wave fields,the wave field received by the cross-well seismic has both the response of the lithological interface and the interference caused by the lateral geological heterogeneity,which seriously affects the quality and accuracy of imaging.The T-component record after polarization rotation is sensitive to the lateral change of physical properties,and can effectively identify the lateral interference waves.The linear Radon transform can eliminate the interference waves to a certain extent,which provides a high level SNR data for cross-well seismic data processing.Research by a theoretical model that the separation method has a better effect.

关 键 词：3D3C 井间地震 波场分离 视速度滤波 偏振分析 侧面波 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]