金属矿产资源探测的地震方法:综述与展望  

Seismic methods for exploration of metal mineral resources:review and prosect

作　　者：王柯淇 王治国 高静怀[2] 王彦飞[3] WANG KeQi;WANG ZhiGuo;GAO JingHuai;WANG YanFei(School of Mathematics and Statistics,Xi\an JiaoTong University,Xi\an 710049,China;School of Information and Communications Engineering,Xi\an JiaoTong University,Xi\an 710049,China;Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academu of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学数学与统计学院,西安710049 [2]西安交通大学信息与通信工程学院,西安710049 [3]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,北京100029

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2021年第4期1607-1629,共23页Progress in Geophysics

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“综合地球物理联合反演与解释一体化平台建设”(2018YFC0603506)资助。

摘　　要：当前,由于金属价格的不断升高和寻找浅层矿床难度的日益增大,矿产资源的勘探和开采必将向更深层发展.因而,地震方法已经成为用于金属矿探测的一种更重要的工具,以实现对深埋矿藏的构造进行清晰成像,帮助深层矿床的直接定位.本文回顾了硬岩环境下的地震方法,涵盖了岩石物理性质、地震采集处理解释技术等.通过梳理来自中国、澳大利亚,欧洲,加拿大,南非等国家的一系列广泛的研究案例,本文逐一论述了二维反射地震方法、三维地震方法、被动源与主动源联合地震方法、地震与其他地球物理场的联合反演等所涉及的基本原理、技术进展和取得的探矿成果.在此基础上,本文讨论了当前金属矿地震探测中的得失,展望了未来技术发展和进步的潜在方向,以供勘探地球物理同行参考.特别建议了,必须开发金属矿勘探专用的地震数据处理与解释技术,诸如被动源与主动源的联合成像技术、多地球物理场联合反演技术、矿体的超分辨率反演技术、矿体内部非均质性的分析技术、矿体人工智能解释技术等,力争实现我国金属矿地震探测技术的原始创新.At present,the exploration and mining of mineral resources will foucus on deeper subsurface due torising metal prices and increased difficulty in finding shallower deposits.Therefore,the seismic method has become a more important tool for mineral exploration,which can clearly image structures of hosting mineral deposits at great depth and help locate deep-seated deposits directly.We first introduce seismic methods in hard rock environment,covering petrophysical properties,seismic acquisition technology,etc.By case reviews from China,Australia,Europe,Canada,and South Africa,we show the involved basic principle,technical progress and mineral exploration results of 2 D seismics,3 D seismics,seismic imaging of passive and active sources,and multiphysics inversion.Next,we discuss current gains and losses of seismic exploration for mineral resources,and look forward to the potential approaches in the future for exploration geophysicists.To realize the innovation of seismic detection for metal ore in China,in this paper,it is particularly suggested that special seismic techniques must be developed for metal ore exploration,such as joint imaging of passive and active sources,joint inversion of multiphysics,super-resolution inversion,internal heterogeneity analysis of minerals,and artificial intelligence interpretation of mineral deposits.

关 键 词：金属矿 硬岩环境 地震方法 被动源与主动源联合成像 多地球物理场联合反演 矿体人工智能解释 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]