现代功率谱估算在反射地震剖面随机介质参数估算中的应用  

Application of modern power spectrum estimation in random medium parameter estimation of seismic reflection data

作　　者：雍凡 刘子龙[2] 罗水余[2] 张杰[2] 蒋正中[2] YONG Fan;LIU ZiLong;LUO ShuiYu;ZHANG Jie;JIANG ZhengZhong(China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083,China;Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,China Academy of Geological Science,Langfang 065000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(北京),北京100083 [2]中国地质科学院地球物理地球化学勘查研究所,廊坊065000

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2021年第4期1640-1650,共11页Progress in Geophysics

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFE0208300);中国地质科学院基本科研业务费专项经费资助(JYYWF20180303);中国地质调查局项目(DD20189133)联合资助。

摘　　要：由于地壳深部物质呈现出多尺度的非均质性,导致了地震剖面上反射能量弱、同相轴连续性差、多成带状分布.传统的反射地震解释方法难以有效应用到深反射地震资料解释中.统计分析的方法为深反射地震资解释提供了新的工具,地下介质这种随机分布的非均质性可以借助随机介质模型来进行描述.深反射地震剖面继承了地下介质的非均质性,因此可以通过从反射地震剖面估算随机介质参数来研究地下介质非均质性的空间分布.由于地震剖面长度有限,随机介质参数估算中自相关函数计算误差较大,导致了估算的不准确.现代功率谱估算克服了短数据自相关函数难以准确求取的问题,提高了参数估算准确性.模型计算和实际数据测算都证明了该方法能有效提高自相关函数计算精度和随机介质参数剖面的分辨率.The multi-scale heterogeneity of crust makes reflections in deep seismic profile weak, discontiguous, and belt-distribution. conventional reflection seismic interpretation methods are difficult to apply to deep reflection seismic data effectively. Statistical analysis is a novel approach for the interpretation of deep reflection seismic data. The random distribution of the heterogeneity of the crust can be described by the random medium model. since the deep reflection seismic profile inherits the heterogeneity of the crust, the spatial distribution of the heterogeneity can be studied by estimating the random medium parameters from the reflection seismic section. Due to the limited length of the seismic data, the calculation error of the autocorrelation function is large, resulting in inaccurate estimation of random media parameters. in this paper, modern power spectrum estimation is applied to obtain a more accurate autocorrelation function from the short data set, which improves the accuracy of random medium parameter estimation. Both model calculations and field data calculation results show our method can effectively improve the calculation accuracy of the autocorrelation function and the resolution of the random medium parameter profile.

关 键 词：反射地震 随机介质 参数估计 现代功率谱 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]