论碳达峰碳中和行动的法制框架  

The Legal Framework for Having Carbon Dioxide Emissions Peak and Achieving Carbon Neutrality

作　　者：王江[1] Wang Jiang

机构地区：[1]重庆大学法学院

出　　处：《东方法学》2021年第5期122-134,共13页Oriental Law

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“生态文明视野下自然资源资产产权法律制度研究”(项目批准号:21ZDA091);中央高校基本科研业务费(项目批准号:NO.2021CDJSKJC28)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：建构碳达峰碳中和行动的法制框架是推动其由政策引领、技术推进向法制保障转变的当务之急。宪法序言和总纲中的相关规定是建构碳达峰碳中和法制框架的统领,环境保护法体系、能源法体系和相关法律是碳达峰碳中和行动的法制框架的支架,其共同塑就了碳达峰碳中和行动的法制框架的雏形。缺失应对气候变化的国家专门立法、缺损减污降碳协同增效的基础性规则以及相关立法的立法目的缺乏协调,集中映射了我国碳达峰碳中和行动的法制框架的关键缺失。完善举措包括:制定“气候变化应对法”补救国家专门立法的缺失;将扩大温室气体对象范围。补救减污降碳协同增效基础性规则的缺损;将碳达峰碳中和体系性地融贯于环境保护法体系和能源法体系。Constructing a carbon peaking and carbon neutralization legal system is an urgent and important task to promote its transformation from policy-led and technological advancement to legal protection. The relevant provisions in the preface and general principle of the Constitution are the guidance of the carbon peaking and carbon neutralization legal system. The environmental protection legal system, the energy legal system and related laws are the support of the carbon peaking and carbon neutralization legal framework, and together they form the beginning of the carbon peaking and carbon neutralization legal framework. Due to the lack of national specific legislation to address climate change, the lack of basic rules for synergy in reducing pollution and carbon emissions, and the lack of coordination between the legislative purposes of related legislation, these have jointly led to the key deficiency of China’s carbon peaking and carbon neutralication legal system. Based on the above problems, this article proposes the following improvement measures: Enacting a "Climate Change Law" to remedy the lack of special national legislation;Expanding the range of greenhouse gases to remedy the deficiencies in the basic rules for synergy in reducing pollution and carbon emissions;remedy the deficiencies in the basic rules for synergy in reducing pollution and carbon emissions;Integrating carbon peaking and carbon neutralization systematically into the environmental protection law system and the energy law system.

关 键 词：碳达峰碳中和 减污降碳 气候变化 气候变化应对法 生态文明 立法目的 

分 类 号：DF468[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]