汉语方言古知系三等的软腭化音变及相关问题  

The velarization of Middle Chinese zhi(知)group third division initials in Chinese dialects and issues related

作　　者：余鹏 YU Peng

机构地区：[1]香港中文大学(深圳)人文社科学院,深圳

出　　处：《中国语文》2021年第5期567-578,639,共13页Studies of the Chinese Language

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“600年来赣语与官话互动的历史追踪、现状调查与数据库建设”(18ZDA297)的成果。

摘　　要：小部分汉语方言古知系三等字今系统性读k组声母,该现象可称为软腭化音变。其音变过程、演变音理在于,卷舌声母和舌尖后元音相拼时伴随软腭化的次要发音,在一定条件下造成软腭化音变。本文论证了各类型方言软腭化音变的音值来源,以及各类型演变参差的原因。Middle Chinese zhi(知)group initials in the third division are regularly pronounced as[k]group initials in certain modem Chinese dialects as a result of velarization.Such a phenomenon is mainly observed in southern dialects and the Lanyin Mandarin and Guanzhong Zhongyuan Mandarin in the north.In southern dialects and the Lanyin Mandarin,velarization is normally restricted to Middle Chinese words with rounded articulation.In a few Xiang dialects and Guanzhong Zhongyuan Mandarin,Middle Chinese words with either rounded or unrounded articulation can be velarized.The motivation of this historical sound change lies in the fact that the pronunciations of words with retroflex and apical post-alveolar vowels are often accompanied by a secondary articulation on the velar,which eventually caused the sound change of velarization under certain conditions.

关 键 词：汉语方言 古知系三等 软腭化 次要发音 卷舌声母 舌尖后元音 

分 类 号：H17[语言文字—汉语]