硬质复合绝缘子用伞套材料憎水性研究  

Research on Hydrophobicity of Polyolefin Materials for the Hard Shed of Composite Insulators

作　　者：彭静[1] 刘云蔚[1] 危鹏[1] 刘志强 张长征[1] Peng Jing;Liu Yunwei;Wei Peng;Liu Zhiqiang;Zhang Changzheng(Xi’an High Voltage Apparatus Research Institute Co.Ltd,Xi’an 710077 China)

机构地区：[1]西安高压电器研究院有限责任公司,西安710077

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2021年第S01期14-21,共8页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

摘　　要：近年来,使用聚烯烃作为伞套材料的硬质复合绝缘子在鸟害严重的区域起到了非常显著的防治效果,但有关聚烯烃材料憎水性的研究还较少。该文采用接触角法和喷雾法比对研究聚烯烃和硅橡胶材料在憎水性通常、减弱和恢复三个特性阶段的静态接触角θs值和憎水性等级,并依据两种材料的表面微观形貌和表面粗糙度对其三个特性阶段的憎水性能进行分析。另外,分别对表面染污秽液和涂覆干燥硅藻土的聚烯烃材料进行了憎水性迁移特性研究。结果表明,非极性的聚烯烃材料表面具有憎水性,因聚烯烃材料表面粗糙度较小,其在憎水性通常、减弱和恢复三个特性阶段的静态接触角θs值均较低,但仍满足标准GB/T 19519-2014的要求。采用常规染污法无法在聚烯烃材料表面形成连续且均匀的污秽层,但表面附着干燥硅藻土的聚烯烃材料随迁移时间的延长,其表面静态接触角θs值不断增大,在迁移78h后趋于稳定,表明聚烯烃材料对干燥硅藻土具有憎水迁移性。In recent years,polyolefin composite insulators have played a very significant role in the prevention and control of bird damage,but the hydrophobicity of polyolefin materials has been rarely studied.In this paper,the hydrophobic character of polyolefin material and silicone rubber was evaluated by the static contact angle and spray method.The hydrophobicity nominal,reduction and recovery property of the two materials were comparability studied according to the static contact angle(θs)and hydrophobicity class.And the hydrophobicity of the two materials in three characteristic stages was analyzed by the microstructure and surface roughness.Further,the hydrophobicity transfer property of polyolefin materials which were contaminated with an artificial pollution slurry and a dry diatomite had been studied.The results show that nonpolar polyolefin material has good hydrophobicity.Due to the small surface roughness,the static contact angle of polyolefin materials is lower,but is still above the minimum required values as per China national standard GB/T 19519—2014.The continuous and uniform pollution layer can not be formed on the surface of the polyolefin material by conventional pasting method.However,with the increasing of transfer time,the static contact angle of polyolefin material which is covered with dry diatomite increases continuously,and the variation of the static contact angle is tending towards stability after transfer for 78h.It is clear from the results that the polyolefin material has hydrophobicity transfer property to dry diatomite.

关 键 词：硬质复合绝缘子 聚烯烃材料 憎水性 静态接触角 憎水性等级 

分 类 号：TM211[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]