基于转子动能与超级电容器储能的双馈风电机组惯量和一次调频改进控制策略  

Improved Control Strategy for Inertia and Primary Frequency Regulation of Doubly Fed Induction Generator Based on Rotor Kinetic Energy and Supercapacitor Energy Storage

作　　者：颜湘武 孙雪薇 崔森 李晓宇 李铁成 Yan Xiangwu;Sun Xuewei;Cui Sen;Li Xiaoyu;Li Tiecheng(Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Distributed Energy Storage and Microgrid North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003 China;State Grid Tianjin Procurement Company, Tianjin 300304 China;State Grid Hebei Electric Power Research Institute ,Shijiazhuang 050021 China)

机构地区：[1]河北省分布式储能与微网重点实验室(华北电力大学),保定071003 [2]国网天津市电力公司物资公司,天津300304 [3]国网河北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院,石家庄050021

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2021年第S01期179-190,共12页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国家电网公司总部科技资助项目(SGHEDK00DYJS1900061)。

摘　　要：风力发电的大规模应用缓解了常规能源紧张的压力,但由于其不具备频率动态调节能力,给电网安全稳定运行带来了较大隐患。双馈风力发电机组在利用转子动能参与系统频率调节时,能有效响应频率变化,但在退出调频时存在频率二次跌落和输出有功功率减少的问题,且不能长时间提供功率支撑。针对这一问题,该文在分析过转子动能的惯量支撑能力之后,提出基于转子动能与超级电容器储能的协调频率控制策略。利用转子动能和超级电容器分别实现类似于同步发电机组的惯量特性和下垂特性,保证双馈风力发电机组在系统频率波动时能够提供快速且持久的功率支撑。同时控制超级电容器在转子动能退出惯量支撑时增发有功,以避免功率骤降造成的频率二次跌落现象发生;改变转子转速回升过程中的转速-功率运行轨迹,最大程度降低输出有功功率的减少量。The large-scale application of wind power eases the conventional energy shortage’s pressure,but it brings great hidden danger to the safe and stable operation of power grid as the wind power does not have the ability of frequency regulation.Doubly-fed induction generator(DFIG)can effectively respond to the frequency fluctuation when using rotor kinetic energy to participate in the system frequency regulation,but it has the problems of frequency secondary drop and output active power reduction when exiting frequency regulation,besides it can not provide long-term power support.To solve this problem,a coordinated frequency control strategy based on rotor kinetic energy and supercapacitor energy storage is proposed in this paper after analyzing the inertia sustaining capability of rotor kinetic energy.By using rotor kinetic energy and supercapacitor to realize the inertia and droop characteristics like synchronous generator respectively,it can ensure DFIG provide fast and long-term power support when system frequency fluctuates.Besides,supercapacitor is controlled to increase the output active power when rotor kinetic energy exits inertia sustaining,so as to avoid secondary frequency drop caused by the power sudden drop.The tracking curve of rotor speed and output power is changed during the rotor speed recovery,so as to minimize the reduction of output active power.

关 键 词：双馈风电机组 转子动能 超级电容器 虚拟惯量 一次调频 

分 类 号：TM614[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]