冷凉地区节水灌溉对水稻苗期的生理响应  

The Physiological Responses of Water-saving Irrigation on Rice Seedling in Cold Region

作　　者：宋桂云[1] 孙德智[1] 王云[1] 萨如拉[1] 苏雅乐其其格 李宝昕 SONG Gui-yun;SUN De-zhi;WANG Yun;Sarula;Suyaleqiqige;LI Bao-xin(College of Agriculture,Inner Mongolia Minzu University,Tongliao 028043,China;Management Center of Modern Agricultural and Industrial Garden,Zhalate County,Xingan League in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Wulanhaote 137600,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古民族大学农学院,内蒙古通辽028043 [2]内蒙古兴安盟扎赉特旗现代农业产业园管理中心,内蒙古乌兰浩特137600

出　　处：《内蒙古民族大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第4期320-325,共6页Journal of Inner Mongolia Minzu University：Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“化学肥料和农药减施增效综合技术研发”重点专项子课题(2018YFD0200204-03);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金联合基金项目(2017MS(LH)0308,2018LHMS03008,2021LHMS03007)

摘　　要：以水稻品种白粳1号和稻花香2号苗期为材料,设置3个水分处理:淹灌(CK)、湿润灌溉(W1)和干湿交替灌溉(W2),研究节水灌溉对冷凉地区水稻苗期生理特性的影响.结果表明,白粳1号的W1和W2处理的干重、叶绿素a和叶绿素b含量分别比CK处理降低1.69%和26.88%,10.86%和27.86%,18.07%和34.77%,这3项指标的CK和W2处理之间差异达到极显著水平(P<0.01);稻花香2号的W1和W2处理的干重、叶绿素a和叶绿素b含量分别比CK处理降低10.32%和21.18%,4.18%和8.73%,13.62%和16.89%,稻花香2号的叶绿素a含量CK和W2处理之间差异达到极显著水平(P<0.01).2个水稻品种W1和W2处理的丙二醛含量、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质含量均上升,分别比CK处理高23.44%~60.07%、2.27%~7.32%、0.37%~2.25%,其中,CK、W1和W2处理之间差异达到极显著水平(P<0.01).2个水稻品种的W1和W2处理的根系总吸收面积比CK处理低1.57%和1.90%、0.94%和0.63%,活跃吸收面积比CK处理低0.63%和0.64%、1.90%和1.27%,比表面积比CK处理低0.63%和1.90%、1.89%和2.53%;2个水稻品种的根系活跃吸收面积比表现为W1处理比CK处理高0.10%和1.29%,W2处理比CK处理低0.54%和0.62%.内蒙古东部灌区湿润灌溉使2个水稻品种的干物重和叶绿素含量等降低较少,根系活力高,灌溉用水少,是该类地区较为合理的节水灌溉方式.In 2018,rice varieties Baijing No.1 and Daohuaxiang No.2 were used as tested materials,and three water treatments were tested:flood irrigation(CK),wet irrigation(W1),and wet and dry irrigation(W2)and effects of such irrigation on physiological characteristics of rice seedling were studied in cold region.The results showed that,comparing with CK treatment,the dry weight,contents of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b of Baijing No.1 under W1 and W2 treatments reduced by 1.69%and 26.88%,10.86%and 27.86%,18.07%and 34.77%,and the differences of these three indexes between CK and W2 treatments reached extremely significant level(P<0.01).Compared to CK treatment,the dry weight,chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b of Daohuaxiang No.2 under W1 and W2 treatments reduced by 10.32%and 21.18%,4.18%and 8.73%,13.62%and 16.89%,and chlorophyll a content of Daohuaxiang No.2 was significantly different between CK and W2 treatments(P<0.01).The MDA content,soluble sugar and soluble protein content of the two rice varieties under W1 and W2 treatments increased by 23.44%~60.07%,2.27%~7.32%,and 0.37%~2.25%higher than those treated by CK respectively,and the difference of these three indexes among CK,W1 and W2 treatments reached extremely significant level(P<0.01).The total root absorption area of two rice varieties under W1 and W2 treatments were 1.57%and 1.90%,0.94%and 0.63%lower than that of CK treatment.Active absorption area were 0.63%and 0.64%,1.90%and 1.27%lower than those in CK treatment,and specific surface area were 0.63%and 1.90%,1.89%and 2.53%lower than those in CK treatment.The ratio of active absorption area of root about two rice varieties under W1 treatment was 0.10%and 1.29%higher than that in CK treatment,and which in W2 treatment was 0.54%and 0.62%lower than that in CK treatment.The dry matter weight and chlorophyll content of the two rice varieties reduced less and the root activity was high and the irrigation water was less,so wet irrigation was more reasonable water-saving irrigation method in eastern Inner Mongolia.

关 键 词：湿润灌溉 干湿交替灌溉 生理特性 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]