锂电池船用安全风险分析及防控策略  

Analysis of Safety Risk of Marine Lithium-ion Battery and its Prevention Strategy

作　　者：黄朝霞[1] 罗肖锋 黄克闪 Huang Zhaoxia;Luo Xiaofeng;Huang Keshan(Wuhan Rules and Research Institute of China Classification Society,Wuhan 430022,China)

机构地区：[1]中国船级社武汉规范研究所,武汉430022

出　　处：《船电技术》2021年第9期7-11,共5页Marine Electric & Electronic Engineering

摘　　要：通过对不同锂离子电池正常工作和热失控的化学机理的对比分析,识别出不同锂离子电池的安全本质区别,初步确认锂离子电池热失控两个非常重要的因素是热量和氧气,依据热失控过程中是否释放大量的氧气,将船用锂离子电池划分为1级和2级两个安全等级。结合电池船用潜在风险、船舶结构和航行环境特点,将电池系统与船舶布置综合考虑,提出多层级安全防护策略。针对不同安全等级的锂离子电池在防控措施实施的差异化,提出船用锂电池从电芯到系统,再到全船的整套安全防护措施。Through comparative analyses of the chemical mechanisms of the different types of lithium-ion batteries under the normal working conditions and thermal runaway conditions,the safety attributes of these batteries have been summarized.Therein,heat and oxygen are found to be the two significant factors for thermal runaway.Then,marine lithium-ion batteries are classified into two levels of safety 1 and 2 according to whether a large amount of oxygen is released during thermal runaway process.And then,based on the battery potential risks,ship structure and the characteristics of the navigation environment,along with comprehensive considerations of the battery system and their layout onboard,a security strategy with multi-level protection is proposed.Finally,aiming at different safety levels for the batteries,a series of safety protection measures are put forward.

关 键 词：锂离子电池 热失控 安全分级 多层级安全防护 防控策略 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]