一起GⅡ.4[P16]型诺如病毒感染暴发疫情调查  

Investigation of an outbreak of norovirus GⅡ.4[P16]infection

作　　者：傅忠燕[1] 赵梦娇[2] 张华宁[1] 张淑 刘晓林[1] 孙文魁[1] 寇增强[1] Fu Zhongyan;Zhao Mengjiao;Zhang Huaning;Zhang Shu;Liu Xiaolin;Sun Wenkui;Kou Zengqiang(Shandong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Ji'nan 250014,Shandong,China;Ji'nan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Ji'nan 250022,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省疾病预防控制中心,山东济南250014 [2]济南市疾病预防控制中心,山东济南250022

出　　处：《疾病监测》2021年第8期794-796,共3页Disease Surveillance

基　　金：山东省医药卫生科技发展计划(No.2018WS307)。

摘　　要：目的分析2021年山东省某小区一起诺如病毒感染暴发疫情流行因素,为制定有效的防控措施提供科学依据。方法采用现场流行病学方法调查、分析疾病的流行情况,采集水样本、典型病例的粪便或呕吐物、密切接触者的肛拭子标本进行胃肠炎病毒检测,对阳性样本进行基因分型。结果搜索到病例69例(9例为小区内幼儿园儿童,60例为社区居民),临床表现主要为呕吐(76.81%),腹泻(69.57%)。0~5岁儿童罹患率最高(21.18%)。17份病例标本和2份密切接触者标本GⅡ组诺如病毒阳性,基因型均为GⅡ.4[P16]。结论本次事件是由GⅡ.4[P16]型诺如病毒引起的暴发疫情,是由患病儿童呕吐物造成环境污染,社区人员密切接触导致,及时识别和妥善处置是疫情防控的关键。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of an outbreak of norovirus GⅡ.4[P16]infection in Shandong province in 2021,and provide evidence for the effective prevention and control of the outbreak.Methods A field epidemiologic surveys were carried out.Water,stool and vomitus samples from the infection cases and anal swabs from some of close contacts were collected for pathogen testing and genotyping.Results From 4 to 16 march,a total of 69 infection cases were found in the community.The main clinical manifestations included vomiting(76.81%)and diarrhea(69.57%).The attack rate was highest in children aged 0–5 years(20%).Clinical samples from 17 cases and two close contacts were tested norovirus GⅡpositive.GⅡ.4[P16]was the only genotype.Conclusion The outbreak was caused by norovirus GⅡ.4[P16]due to environment contamination by the vomitus of sick children and close contacts by the residents.The outbreak was controlled by taking timely detection and appropriate response measures.

关 键 词：诺如病毒 GⅡ.4[P16]基因型 暴发疫情 流行病学调查 接触传播 

分 类 号：R211[医药卫生—中医学] R511