磷对旱地胡麻氮吸收转运及利用的影响  

Effects of Phosphorus on Nitrogen Absorption,Translocation and Utilization in Dryland Flax

作　　者：谢亚萍[1,2] 牛俊义[2] 王利民[1] 党照[1] 赵玮[1] 李闻娟[1] 齐燕妮[1] 汪平[1] 李玥[3] 张建平[1] Xie Yaping;Niu Junyi;Wang Limin;Dang Zhao;Zhao Wei;Li Wenjuan;Qi Yanni;Wang Ping;Li Yue;Zhang Jianping(Crop Research Institute,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730070;College of Agronomy,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070;College of Information Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业科学院作物研究所,兰州730070 [2]甘肃农业大学农学院,兰州730070 [3]甘肃农业大学信息科学技术学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2021年第25期17-26,共10页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“胡麻磷高效利用机制及调控途径研究”(31660368);国家自然科学基金项目“胡麻CYP79基因调控生氰糖苷生成的分子机理研究”(31760426);国家自然科学基金项目“胡麻对干旱胁迫的响应机制及生长调控模型研究”(32060437);国家特色油料产业技术体系“杂种优势利用”(CARS-14-1-05);甘肃省农业科学院科研条件建设及成果转化项目“油料作物分子育种技术创新及应用”(2020GAAS08)。

摘　　要：为研究磷对旱地胡麻氮吸收转运及利用的影响,以胡麻品种‘轮选2号’和‘定亚22号’为材料,4个施磷(P2O5)水平(0、45、90、135 kg/hm2)为因素,采用完全随机区组设计,于2017年和2018年在定西进行大田试验。结果表明:磷影响旱地胡麻地上部分氮吸收转运和氮生理利用率,且年份间差异显著;年份、品种和磷互作对花期和成熟期地上部分氮吸收量、成熟期籽粒氮吸收量和分配率,茎叶和其他部分中氮总转运量、转运率、贡献率及氮生理利用率影响显著。与不施磷相比,施磷使旱地胡麻花期和成熟期地上部分氮吸收量平均提高76%和82%;成熟期籽粒中氮吸收量和分配率平均提高127%和25%;茎、叶和其他部分中氮的转运量和转运率分别平均提高556%、102%、237%和16%。‘轮选2号’氮生理利用率随施磷量增加而显著增加,‘定亚22号’氮生理利用率在施磷(P2O5)90 kg/hm2和135 kg/hm2间差异不显著。相关分析表明,施磷量与旱地胡麻氮吸收转运和利用显著正相关。This field study was conducted to assess the effects of phosphorus on nitrogen absorption,translocation as well as utilization in dryland flax.We set four phosphorus(P2O5)levels of 0,45,90 and 135 kg/hm2,planted two flax varieties(‘Lunxuan 2’and‘Dingya 22’)in 2017 and 2018 at Dingxi,and adopted a completely random block group design.The results showed that phosphorus had an influence on nitrogen absorption and translocation of the above ground parts and the physiological utilization efficiency of nitrogen in dryland flax,and the difference between the years was significant.Year,variety and phosphorus interaction showed significant impact on nitrogen absorption in the above ground parts at anthesis and maturity,nitrogen absorption and distribution rate in seeds at maturity,and total nitrogen translocation amount,translocation efficiency,rate of contribution and physiological utilization efficiency of stems,leaves and other parts.The application of phosphorus averagely increased nitrogen absorption in the above ground parts at anthesis and maturity by 76%and 82%respectively,nitrogen absorption and distribution rate in seeds at maturity by 127%and 25%respectively,and nitrogen translocation and translocation efficiency in stems and leaves and other parts by 556%,102%,237%,and 16%respectively compared with no application of phosphorus.The physiological utilization efficiency of nitrogen significantly increased with increased phosphorus rate of‘Lunxuan 2’,however,physiological utilization efficiency of nitrogen of‘Dingya 22’showed no difference between 90 kg/hm2 and 135 kg/hm2.The correlation analysis indicated that the phosphorus application amount had significantly positive correlation with nitrogen absorption translation and utilization in dryland flax.

关 键 词：磷 胡麻 氮 吸收 转运 利用 

分 类 号：S143.22[农业科学—肥料学]