Genomic dissection of widely planted soybean cultivars leads to a new breeding strategy of crops in the post-genomic era  

作　　者：Xinpeng Qi Bingjun Jiang Tingting Wu Shi Sun Caijie Wang Wenwen Song Cunxiang Wu Wensheng Hou Qijian Song Hon-Ming Lam Tianfu Han 

机构地区：[1]MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology(Beijing),Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China [2]Centre for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and School of Life Sciences,The Chinese University of Hong Kong,Shatin,Hong Kong,China [3]Soybean Genomics and Improvement Lab,USDA-ARS,Beltsville,MD 20705,USA

出　　处：《The Crop Journal》2021年第5期1079-1087,共9页作物学报（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFD0101400);China Agriculture Research System (CARS-04);the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of CAAS;supported by a grant from the Hong Kong Research Grants Council Area of Excellence Scheme (Ao E/M-403/16) awarded to HonMing Lam。

摘　　要：Soybeans specially the widely planted cultivars have been dramatically improved in agronomic performance and is well adapted to local planting environments after long-time domestication and breeding.Uncovering the unique genomic features of popular cultivars will help to understand how soybean genomes have been modified through breeding.We re-sequenced 134 soybean cultivars that were released and most widely planted over the last century in China.Phylogenetic analyses established that these cultivars comprise two geographically distinct sub-populations:Northeast China (NE) versus the HuangHuai-Hai River Valley and South China (HS).A total of 309 selective regions were identified as being impacted by geographical origins.The HS sub-population exhibited higher genetic diversity and linkage disequilibrium decayed more rapidly compared to the NE sub-population.To study the association between phenotypic differences and geographical origins,we recorded the vegetative period under different growing conditions for two years,and found that clustering based on the phenotypic data was closely correlated with cultivar geographical origin.By iteratively calculating accumulated genetic diversity,we established a platform panel of cultivars and have proposed a novel breeding strategy named "Potalaization"for selecting and utilizing the platform cultivars that represent the most genetically diversity and the highest available agronomic performance as the "plateau"for accumulating elite loci and traits,breeding novel widely adapted cultivars,and upgrading breeding technology.In addition to providing new genomic information for the soybean research community,the "Potalaization"strategy that we devised will also be practical for integrating the conventional and molecular breeding programs of crops in the post-genomic era.

关 键 词：Soybean Widely planted cultivars Genomic re-sequencing Breeding strategy 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]