人工饲料条件下大麦黄矮病毒GAV株系对麦长管蚜种群适合度的直接影响  

Direct effect of Barley yellow dwarf virus GAV isolate on population fitness of Sitobion miscanthi under artificial diet

作　　者：亢菊侠[1] 杨林 兰文学 KANG Juxia;YANG Lin;LAN Wenxue(Bioengineering branch,Yangling Vocational&Technical College,Yangling 712100,China;College of Plant Protection,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]杨凌职业技术学院生物工程分院,杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学植物保护学院,杨凌712100

出　　处：《植物保护》2021年第5期164-170,共7页Plant Protection

基　　金：陕西省科学技术研究发展计划(2014K01-07-03)。

摘　　要：植物病毒与介体蚜虫存在复杂的互作关系。前人关于植物病毒对蚜虫调控作用的研究主要集中在植物病毒通过寄主植物对蚜虫的间接影响上,未见植物病毒对介体蚜虫适合度直接调控的报道。鉴于此,我们以麦长管蚜Sitobion miscanthi(Takahashi)为试虫,以其传播的大麦黄矮病毒-GAV(Barley yellow dwarf virus GAV,BYDV-GAV)为测试病毒,以全纯人工饲料加入BYDV-GAV病毒提取液饲养麦长管蚜4 d,使之在不接触寄主植物条件下获毒,然后分别在全纯人工饲料和无毒小麦叶片上继续饲养,直至死亡。利用生命表技术分析麦长管蚜生长发育和繁殖参数。研究结果表明:在无毒小麦叶片饲养条件下,与未获毒对照麦长管蚜相比,获毒后麦长管蚜生活史参数成虫历期和产仔天数显著降低,繁殖力显著增加;种群参数内禀增长率、净繁殖率、周限增长率显著增加,平均世代周期显著降低。在全纯人工饲料条件下,与未获毒对照相比,获毒后麦长管蚜仅成虫历期和产仔天数显著下降,而其他生活史参数及种群参数均无显著差异。说明BYDV-GAV使得介体麦长管蚜在小麦叶片上的适合度显著提高,这是由麦长管蚜与寄主植物互作引起的,而病毒对介体麦长管蚜的适合度无直接调控作用。There is a complex interaction between plant viruses and vector aphids.Previous studies on the regulatory role of plant viruses on aphids mainly focused on their indirect regulation through host plants,and there was no report on the direct regulation of aphid fitness by plant viruses.In view of this,we used the grain aphid,Sitobion miscanthi(Takahashi),as test insect and Barley yellow dwarf virus GAV isolate(BYDV-GAV)as test virus.The aphid was fed with pure artificial diet added with BYDV-GAV crude extract and successively infected with BYDV-GAV without contact with plants.The aphids fed on pure artificial diets and virus-free wheat leaves were raised until death.Life table technique was used to analyze the growth,development and reproduction parameters of aphids.The results showed that,under host plant conditions,compared with the untreated control group,the life history parameters such as adult longevity and reproductive period of aphids infected BYDV-GAV were significantly reduced,and the fertility was significantly increased.The population parameters such as the intrinsic rate of increase,net reproductive rate and finite rate of increase were significantly increased,but mean generation time was significantly decreased.Under pure artificial feeding conditions,compared with the control group,only the adult longevity and reproductive period of aphid infected with BYDV-GAV were significantly reduced,while other life history and population parameters were not significantly different.It was concluded that infection with BYDV-GAV could significantly improve the fitness of aphids to host plants,which was caused by the interaction between host plants and BYDV-GAV,and BYDV-GAV had no direct effect on the fitness of vector aphids.

关 键 词：大麦黄矮病毒 麦长管蚜 全纯人工饲料 种群适合度 直接调控 

分 类 号：S432.41[农业科学—植物病理学]