外科患者获得的静脉血栓栓塞症基本预防措施的现状研究  

Study on the basic prevention measures for surgical patients with Venous Thromboembolism

作　　者：王晓杰 徐园 邓海波 郭海凌 陈亚萍 郭淑丽[4] 刘玮楠[4] 张毅 都菁 杨旭 张雅琴[4] 李敏[4] 高娜 马玉芬 WANG Xiaojie;XU Yuan;DENG Haibo;GUO Hailing;CHEN Yaping;GUO Shuli;LIU Weinan;ZHANG Yi;DU Jing;YANG Xu;ZHANG Yaqin;LI Min;GAO Na;MA Yufen(Breast Surgery Ward,Peking Union Medical College Hospital,100032,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医院乳腺外科,北京市100032 [2]中国医学科学院北京协和医院骨科,北京市100032 [3]中国医学科学院北京协和医院心外科,北京市100032 [4]中国医学科学院北京协和医院基本外科,北京市100032 [5]中国医学科学院北京协和医院神经外科,北京市100032 [6]中国医学科学院北京协和医院胸外科,北京市100032 [7]中国医学科学院北京协和医院工会,北京市100032

出　　处：《中国护理管理》2021年第9期1340-1344,共5页Chinese Nursing Management

基　　金：协和青年科研基金(2017330023);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(3332019038)。

摘　　要：目的:调查国内临床护理环境下外科患者获得静脉血栓栓塞症(VTE)基本预防措施的现状。方法:在患者入院24 h、术前2 d、术前1 d、手术日、术后1 d、术后2 d六个时间段,对595名外科住院患者进行临床观察。结果:VTE基本预防措施实施率在各个时间段不均衡,在患者入院后呈递增趋势,“预防血栓健康宣教”“建议健康生活方式”“指导运动”在手术日的给予率分别为96.64%、79.83%、96.81%,高于术前1 d实施率(P<0.001)。患者术前VTE基本预防措施获得率低,部分护士对VTE风险的认知不准确。结论:护士主导的VTE基本预防措施实施率整体较高,但仍存在薄弱环节,需要制定适合外科患者的VTE基本预防策略,建立长效机制,将VTE基本预防的时间、内容和评价进行规范,以指导临床工作。Objective:To explore the basic prevention measures of Venous Thromboembolism(VTE)for surgical patients.Methods:Totally 595 surgical inpatients were observed within 24 hours of admission,2 days before operation,1 day before operation,the day of operation,1 day after operation and 2 days after operation.Results:The implementation rate of VTE basic prevention measures was various at each time during hospitalization,and showed an increasing trend after admission.The implementation rates of"health education for prevention of thrombosis""health lifestyle suggestion"and"exercise guidance"on the operation day were 96.64%,79.83%and 96.81%respectively,which were higher than those at the first day before operation(P<0.001).The rate of basic prevention measures of VTE was low in patients before operation,and some nurses'cognition of VTE risk was not accurate.Conclusion:The overall implementation rate of basic prevention measures of VTE led by nurses is relatively high,but it still needs to be improved.It is necessary to formulate basic prevention strategies suitable for surgical patients,and establish long-term mechanism to prevent the VTE in patients.The implementation time,contents and evaluation way of basic prevention of VTE should be standardized to guide clinical work.

关 键 词：静脉血栓栓塞症 护理 VTE基本预防 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学] R197[医药卫生—临床医学]