籽瓜、黏籽和普通西瓜的果实代谢组比较  

Metabolomics Comparative Study on Fruits of Edible Seed Watermelon,Egusi and Common Watermelon

作　　者：袁平丽[1] 何楠[1] 赵胜杰[1] 路绪强[1] 朱红菊[1] 刁卫楠 龚成胜 MUHAMMAD Jawad Umer 刘文革[1] YUAN PingLi;HE Nan;ZHAO ShengJie;LU XuQiang;ZHU HongJu;DIAO WeiNan;GONG ChengSheng;MUHAMMAD Jawad Umer;LIU WenGe(Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Henan Key Laboratory of Fruit and Cucurbit Biology,Zhengzhou 450009)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所/河南省果树瓜类生物学重点实验室,郑州450009

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2021年第19期4179-4195,共17页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0100704);中国农业科学院科技创新工程专项经费项目(CAAS-ASTIP-ZFRI-07);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-25-03);国家自然科学基金(31672178,31471893);河南省科技攻关项目(202102110197)。

摘　　要：【目的】西瓜是一种广受欢迎的夏季水果,籽用西瓜(籽瓜)、黏籽西瓜和普通西瓜是3种重要的栽培类型,但对其果实中代谢物全面鉴定的研究很少,比较这3种西瓜果实的代谢组学差异,为明确驯化改良对不同类型西瓜代谢组的影响提供新见解。【方法】试验以5份籽用西瓜、5份黏籽西瓜和6份普通西瓜为材料,对成熟期果肉进行广泛靶向代谢组学检测,采用SIMCA-P、MetaboAnalyst 5.0、Origin等软件对代谢组数据进行分析。【结果】LC-MS分析共检测到323种代谢物,包括51种氨基酸及其衍生物、21种核苷酸及其衍生物、14种碳水化合物、32种有机酸、52种脂质、36种类黄酮、32种羟基肉桂酰衍生物等。PCA和聚类分析显示,籽用西瓜和黏籽西瓜的代谢组学轮廓差异较小,籽用西瓜的代谢组轮廓介于黏籽西瓜和普通西瓜之间。对分类贡献率较大的代谢物是蔗糖、柠檬酸、L-谷氨酸、L-苏氨酸、葫芦素类、香草酸糖苷异构体、脂质类等。聚类热图分析显示黏籽西瓜中特有的代谢物是葫芦素及其衍生物等,籽用西瓜中的绿原酸、LysoPE脂质类等化合物含量较高,普通西瓜中的糖类、精氨酸、阿魏酸及C18-2和C18-3不饱和脂肪酸等物质含量较高。比较分析共鉴定出156种差异代谢物,籽用西瓜与黏籽西瓜的主要差异代谢物有对香豆醛、阿魏酸、肉桂酸、蔗糖、葫芦素D O-葡萄糖苷、葫芦素E异构体、牡荆素、松柏醇等。籽用西瓜与普通西瓜的主要差异代谢物有脂质类、类黄酮类、有机酸类和糖类等。随着作物进化的程度增加,营养类代谢物质含量增加,抗性相关的代谢物质含量减少。【结论】籽用西瓜和黏籽西瓜的果实代谢组差异比籽用西瓜和普通西瓜的差异小,籽用西瓜的代谢轮廓介于黏籽西瓜和普通西瓜之间。除了表型和基因组差异外,代谢组差异也可以作为区分品种的重要依据。本�【Objective】Watermelon is a very popular summer fruit.Citrullus mucosospermus(egusi),Citrullus lanatus var.megalospermus(edible seed watermelon)and Citrullus lanatus var.vulgaris(common dessert watermelon)are the three main cultivation types.The appearance and taste of their fruits are quite different,but there is no detailed report on the comprehensive fruit metabolome.In order to clarity the influence of selection on metabolomics in watermelon domestication and improvement processes,the metabolic profiling of three types of watermelon fruits was analyzed.【Method】In this study,5 egusi watermelon,5 edible seed watermelon and 6 common watermelon accessions were used for metabolomics profiling analysis by widely targeted metabolic profiling method based on liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS).The software SIMCA-P,MetaboAnalyst 5.0,and Origin were used to analyze the metabolomics data.【Result】A total of 323 metabolites were detected,including 51 amino acids and their derivatives,21 nucleotides and their derivatives,14 carbohydrates,32 organic acids,52 lipids,36 flavonoids,32 hydroxycinnamoyl derivatives,etc.PCA and cluster analysis showed that the difference of metabolomics profile between egusi watermelon and edible seed watermelon was small,and the metabolomics profile of edible seed watermelon was between that of egusi watermelon and common watermelon.The major metabolites contributing to the classification were sucrose,citric acid,L-glutamic acid,L-threonine,cucurbitacin,vanillic acid glycoside isomers,lipids,and so on.Heatmap analysis showed that cucurbitacin and their derivatives were the unique metabolites in egusi watermelon.The contents of chlorogenic acid,LysoPE,etc.in edible seed watermelon were higher than those in egusi and common watermelon.The contents of carbohydrate,arginine,ferulic acid and C18-2 and C18-3 unsaturated fatty acids in common watermelon were higher than those in egusi and edible seed watermelon.There were 156 differentially accumulated metabolites,which

关 键 词：黏籽西瓜 籽用西瓜 普通西瓜 代谢组学 差异代谢物 驯化改良 

分 类 号：S651[农业科学—果树学]