空化对轴流泵叶轮流固耦合特性的影响  

Effect of Cavitation on Fluid-Solid Coupling Characteristics of Axial Flow Pump Impeller

作　　者：梁武科[1] 艾改改 董玮 吴子娟 朱金瑞 刘云琦 LIANG Wuke;AI Gaigai;DONG Wei;WU Zijuan;ZHU Jinrui;LIU Yunqi(Institute of Water Resources and Hydrologic Engineering,Xi9an University of Technology,Xi'an 710048,China;College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学水利水电学院,西安710048 [2]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《大电机技术》2021年第5期92-98,共7页Large Electric Machine and Hydraulic Turbine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52009114);陕西省水利科技计划项目经费资助(2019slkj-10,2019slkj-15);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2019JLM-58)。

摘　　要：研究空化对叶片结构的影响,对提高轴流泵运行稳定性及设计具有重要的工程意义。为研究不同空化程度下叶片受力情况,基于SST模型及Rayleigh-Plesset均相流空化模型,应用数值模拟软件ANSYS对TZX-700轴流泵进行分析。利用CFX软件分析不同空化程度的叶轮流场分布,然后通过WORKBENCH流固耦合传输技术得出叶片等效应力及变形随空化变化过程的分布情况。结果表明:气泡首先出现在工作面,气泡由进口边逐渐向出口边发展,并逐渐靠近轮毂,整个气泡区域不断扩大,几乎堵塞整个流道;随着空化的发生,叶轮叶片所受最大等效应力逐渐下降,叶片变形也逐渐减小;从弱空化到严重空化,叶根处的等效应力始终是最大的,近轮缘处叶片发生的变形较大;弱空化对叶片等效应力、叶片变形的分布没有明显改变;严重空化时,较高等效应力分布区域严重缩小,叶片变形快速减小。计算结果对轴流泵的设计优化具有一定的指导意义。Studying the effect of cavitation on the blade structure has important engineering significance for improving the stability and design of axial flow pumps.In order to study the force of the blades under different cavitation degrees,based on the SST model and the Rayleigh-plesset homogeneous flow cavitation model,the numerical simulation software ANSYS was used to analyze the TZX-700 axial flow pump.The CFX software is used to analyze the flow field distribution of the impeller with different cavitation degrees,and then the distribution of the equivalent stress and deformation of the blade with the cavitation change process is obtained through the WORKBENCH fluid-structure coupling transmission technology.The results showed that bubbles first appeared on the working surface,and the bubbles gradually developed from the inlet side to the outlet side,and gradually approached the hub.The entire bubble area continued to expand and almost blocked the entire flow path;with the occurrence of cavitation,the impeller blades suffered the most.The effect force gradually decreases,and the blade deformation gradually decreases;from weak cavitation to severe cavitation,the equivalent stress at the root of the blade is always the largest,and the deformation of the blade near the rim is greater;weak cavitation affects the blade,etc.The distribution of effect force and blade deformation did not change significantly;when severe cavitation,the area of higher equivalent stress distribution was severely reduced,and blade deformation decreased rapidly.The calculation results have certain guiding significance for the design optimization of the axial flow pump.

关 键 词：轴流泵 空化 流固耦合 等效应力 

分 类 号：TH312[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]