电喷雾离子化过程中蛋白质超多电荷离子生成方法研究进展  

Recent Advances in Supercharging of Proteins During Electrospray Ionization

作　　者：高晓梅 尹欣驰 谭思源 戴新华[2] 龚晓云[2] 弓爱君[1] GAO Xiao-Mei;YIN Xin-Chi;TAN Si-Yuan;DAI Xin-Hua;GONG Xiao-Yun;GONG Ai-Jun(School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering,University of Science and Technology of Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Center for Advanced Measurement Science,National Institute of Metrology,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学化学与生物工程学院,北京100083 [2]中国计量科学研究院前沿计量科学中心,北京100029

出　　处：《分析化学》2021年第10期1607-1618,共12页Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.21927812);中国计量科学研究院基本科研业务费项目(No.AKY1932)资助。

摘　　要：电喷雾离子化(Electrospray ionization,ESI)技术是目前常用的生物分子质谱离子化技术之一。在ESI过程中,蛋白质等生物大分子会携带多重电荷,形成多电荷离子。多电荷离子的形成,可有效降低待测离子的质荷比(Mass-to-charge ratio,m/z),扩大可检测分子量范围,提高检测灵敏度,为生物大分子的质谱分析带来较多便利。近年来,研究者提出了一些可在ESI过程中进一步提高蛋白质分子所带电荷数的方法,并将该方法称为蛋白质超多电荷化(Supercharging of proteins)方法。本文对蛋白质超多电荷化方法进行了系统的归纳和总结,综述了这些方法的离子化机理及影响因素,并对其应用进行了介绍。Electrospray ionization(ESI)is one of the most commonly used mass spectrometry ionization techniques for biomolecules at present.Biological macromolecules such as proteins can carry multiple charges and form multiply charged ions during ESI.The formation of multiply charged protein ions can effectively reduce the mass-to-charge ratio(m/z)of the ions to be measured,expand the range of molecular weights detectable and improve the detection sensitivity,which brings more convenience to mass spectrometry analysis of biological macromolecules.Recently,several methods have been proposed to further increase the charge of protein ions during ESI,and these methods has been called supercharging of proteins.In this paper,several methods for supercharging of proteins developed recently are systematically classified and summarized,the ionization mechanism and influencing factors of these methods are reviewed,and their applications are also introduced.

关 键 词：电喷雾离子化 超多电荷化 试剂增荷法 电热增荷法 极性反转纳喷雾离子化增荷法 评述 

分 类 号：Q503[生物学—生物化学] O657.63[理学—分析化学]