EMS创建香蕉抗寒种质及筛选研究  

Establishment and Screening of Banana Cold-resistant Germplasm by EMS

作　　者：许竹叶 王安邦[2] 李羽佳[2] 王笑一 魏卿[2] 许奕[2] 唐粉玲[2] 李敬阳[1,2,3] XU Zhu-ye;WANG An-bang;LI Yu-jia(College of Horticulture,Hainan University,Haikou,Hainan 571101;Haikou Experimental Station,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou,Hainan 571101)

机构地区：[1]海南大学园艺学院,海南海口571101 [2]中国热带农业科学院海口实验站,海南海口571101 [3]海南省香蕉健康种苗繁育工程技术研究中心,海南海口571101

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2021年第19期41-46,77,共7页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：现代农业产业体系专项资金(CARS-31-02);海南省科技厅重点研发计划(ZDYF2016054)。

摘　　要：利用化学诱变剂甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)处理“巴西蕉”无菌增殖芽,突变体通过L-羟脯氨酸(HYP)定向筛选,经低温胁迫筛选出抗性较强的突变体。利用形态观察、生理生化指标等手段鉴定突变体。结果表明,EMS诱变处理“巴西蕉”无菌增殖芽适宜的浓度和时间组合为1.5%+3 h;经HYP筛选的突变体在低温胁迫后,其叶片脯氨酸含量提高、丙二醛含量降低、过氧化物酶活性和过氧化氢酶活性增强;诱变后的表型突变主要包括叶片颜色、叶片性状和株型的变异。该研究为高效诱变香蕉提供技术参考及后期选育优良品种提供材料。The chemical mutagens ethyl methanesulfonate(EMS)were used to treat the aseptic propagation buds of Baxijiao,and then mutants were obtained through L-hydroxyproline(L-HYP)directed screening,and more resistant mutants were screened out through low temperature stress.Morphological observation,physiological and biochemical indicators were used to identify mutants.The results showed that the suitable concentration and time combination for EMS mutagenesis to treat the aseptic proliferation shoots of Baxijiao was 1.5%+3 h;after low temperature stress,the mutants screened by HYP have increased proline content,decreased malondialdehyde content,increased peroxidase and catalase activities;the phenotypic mutation of surviving plants after mutation mainly included the variation of leaf color,leaf traits and plant type.This research provides technical reference for high-efficiency mutagenesis of bananas and materials for later selection of elite varieties.

关 键 词：香蕉 甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS) 抗寒突变体 羟脯氨酸(L-HYP) 

分 类 号：S668.1[农业科学—果树学]