铁路采石场除尘和降噪技术  

Dust Removal and Noise Reduction Technologies of Railway Quarry

作　　者：郄录朝 徐旸 余文颖 陈岳峰 曹平 申校 李录壮 QIE Luchao;XU Yang;YU Wenying;CHENYuefeng;CAO Ping;SHEN Xiao;LI Luzhuang(Railway Engineering Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China;China Railway Shanghai Group Co.Ltd.,Shanghai 200071,China;China Railway Chengdu Group Co.Ltd.,Chengdu 610082,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所,北京100081 [2]中国铁路上海局集团有限公司,上海200071 [3]中国铁路成都局集团有限公司,成都610082

出　　处：《铁道建筑》2021年第9期167-170,共4页Railway Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51808556);中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划(P2019G030);中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司基金(2020YJ204)。

摘　　要：铁路采石场各工序均伴有粉尘和噪声。本文以生产规模20万t/年的采石场为例,分析了道砟生产过程中岩层剥离、开采、破碎、筛分、运输各工序粉尘和噪声污染的产生原因和排放特点。道砟开采阶段可采用喷雾除尘机降尘,生产加工阶段破碎及筛分生产车间可建成封闭式厂房,采用脉冲布袋除尘器和水喷雾系统除尘,成品装卸阶段可加装低压喷雾装置、远距离固定式喷雾除尘机和喷洒速效抑尘剂除尘,效果能满足采石场区域粉尘排放标准要求。建设消声厂房、配置消声器和减震台座等措施治理噪声污染效果较好。在采石场应对粉尘和噪声进行监测,监测结果不达标及时采取措施。Each process of railway quarry is accompanied by dust and noise.Taking the quarry with a production scale of 200000 t/a as an example,the causes and emission characteristics of dust and noise pollution in rock stripping,mining,crushing,screening and transportation in each process of ballast production were analyzed in this paper.In the stage of ballast mining,dust can be removed by spray dedust remover.During the production and processing stage,the crushing workshop and screening workshop can be built into a closed workshop.The pulse bag filter and the water spray system are used for dust removal.Low-pressure spray devices,long distance fixed spray dust remover can be installed and the quick acting dust suppression agent can be sprayed to remove dust during the loading and unloading stage.The effect can meet the requirements of the dust emission standard in the quarry area.The construction of silencing workshop,equipped with silencer and damping pedestal and other measures have a good effect on controlling noise pollution.Dust and noise shall be monitored in the quarry.If the monitoring results do not meet the standards,measures shall be taken in time.

关 键 词：铁路采石场 道砟生产 环境保护 现场试验 除尘降噪措施 粉尘和噪声监测 

分 类 号：U213.722[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]