锡精炼废渣中有价金属锡和铜的化学形态分析  

Chemical Speciation Analysis of Valuable Metals Tin and Copper in Tin Slag

作　　者：张永涛 李星桥 马宝权 屈则惠 邸金芝 ZHANG Yongtao;LI Xingqiao;MA Baoquan;QU ZeHui;DI Jinzhi(School of Petroleum Engineering and Environmental Engineering,Yan’an University;Yan’an Oil and Gas Product Quality Inspection and Testing Co.Ltd.,Yan’an 716000,China)

机构地区：[1]延安大学石油工程与环境工程学院 [2]延安油气产品质量检验检测有限责任公司,陕西延安716000

出　　处：《延安大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第3期6-10,共5页Journal of Yan'an University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201910719034);延安大学博士科研启动项目(YDBK2018-10)。

摘　　要：对锡精炼废渣进行化学组成和金属锡、铜的化学形态分析,以期为锡精炼废渣的有价金属锡、铜的高效回收提供依据。采用X射线荧光光谱、X射线衍射光谱、全量分析和Sposito连续提取法对锡精炼废渣的化学组分、物相组成及其有价金属锡、铜化学形态进行分析。结果表明,锡精炼废渣是由锡、铜、碘、硫、铁和铅等多元素组成的危险废物,其中锡、铜含量分别达到了560 mg/g、240 mg/g;该废渣物相主要由氧化锡、硫化亚锡、硫化铅、方硫铜矿和硫锡铅矿组成;经Sposito法连续浸提实验分析,锡元素存在6种化学形态,即硫化物结合态、残渣态、有机结合态、交换态、吸附态和碳酸盐结合态,其锡含量分别占锡总量的25%、24%、17%、12%、12%和10%。而铜元素以硫化物结合态为主,其铜含量达到总铜的99%,残渣态的铜仅占1%。锡、铜元素化学形态的差异揭示了硝酸浸提体系不利于提取锡,而有利于提取铜。Chemical composition of tin slag and chemical speciation analysis of tin and copper were conducted to provide a basis for efficient recovery of tin and copper from tin slag.Chemical constituents,phase composition and chemical speciation for tin and copper of tin slag were analyzed and characterized through X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy(XRF),X-ray diffraction spectroscopy(XRD),total analysis and Sposito sequential extraction.The results showed that the tin slag was a hazardous waste containing tin,copper,iodine,sulfur,iron and lead with the content of tin and copper reaching 560 mg/g and 240 mg/g respectively.The phase of the tin slag was mainly composed of tin oxide,stannous sulfide,lead sulfide,sulfide copper ore and teallite.According to the Sposito sequential extraction,there were six states of chemical speciation of tin element,namely sulfide bound state,residual state,organic bound state,exchangeable state,adsorbed state and carbonate bound state with tin content accounting for the total tin content 25%,24%,17%,12%,12%and 10%respectively.The copper element was dominated by sulfide bound state with its content reaching 99%of the total copper content,leaving 1%residual copper.The differences in chemical speciation of tin and copper indicated that extraction of nitric acid was not conducive to extracting tin but copper.

关 键 词：锡精炼废渣 锡 铜 形态分析 

分 类 号：X758[环境科学与工程—环境工程]