考虑高温蠕变的螺栓和法兰材料的选配  

Selection of Bolt and Flange Materials with Considering High Temperature Creep

作　　者：章兰珠[1] 毕乐文 ZHANG Lanzhu;BI Lewen(School of Mechanical and Power Engineering,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China)

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学机械与动力工程学院,上海200237

出　　处：《润滑与密封》2021年第9期68-74,共7页Lubrication Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51975213)。

摘　　要：螺栓和法兰材料的选择是影响螺栓法兰接头密封性能的重要因素,特别是在高温条件下服役,螺栓法兰发生蠕变的情况下。分别选择法兰蠕变速率大于螺栓蠕变速率以及小于螺栓蠕变速率的两组配合方式,通过传热分析、热-结构耦合分析以及高温蠕变分析,对比研究其密封性能。结果表明:螺栓蠕变和法兰蠕变都会引起螺栓应力重新分配,随着时间延长螺栓蠕变的累积会导致螺栓截面应力越来越均匀;但法兰蠕变的累积会降低法兰刚度,致使偏转角增大进而导致螺栓内外侧受力相差越来越大;法兰蠕变速率越大,法兰整体刚度下降越快,法兰服役周期越短,因此选择高温服役的螺栓法兰接头材料时,选取的法兰材料蠕变速率不能太大,且抗蠕变性能要比螺栓材料强。The selection of flange and bolt materials is an important factor to affect the sealing performance of bolted flange joints,especially with creep under high temperature service.Two sorts of flange joints are selected,one is the creep rate of flange material greater than bolt material,and the other is on the contrary.By analyzing the heat transfer,the thermal structure coupling and the high temperature creep,the sealing performances of the flange joints were studied.The results show that both bolt creep and flange creep can cause bolt stress redistribution,and the accumulation of bolt creep will lead to more uniform bolt cross-section stress.But the accumulation of flange creep will reduce the flange stiffness,resulting in the increase of deflection angle and then causing the increasing difference of internal and external forces of bolts.The larger the flange creep rate,the faster the overall flange stiffness decreases and the shorter the flange service life.Therefore,when choosing the materials of bolt flange joint in high temperature service,the creep rate of flange materials should not be too large,and their creep resistance should be better than that of bolt materials.

关 键 词：螺栓法兰接头 高温蠕变 材料选配 

分 类 号：TB42[一般工业技术]