基于物联网的设施番茄温差调控模型研究  

Study on Temperature Difference Control Model of Greenhouse Tomato Based on Internet of Things

作　　者：黄媛[1] 杨英茹[1] 高欣娜[1] 陈诚 杜亚茹 李海杰 武猛 李瑜玲[1] HUANG Yuan;YANG Ying-ru;GAO Xin-na;CHEN Cheng;DU Ya-ru;LI Hai-jie;WU Meng;LI Yu-ling(Shijiazhuang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Shijiazhuang Agricultural Information Engineering Technology Research Center,Shijiazhuang 050041,China;National Agricultural Information Technology Research Center,Beijing 100000,China)

机构地区：[1]石家庄市农林科学研究院/石家庄市农业信息化工程技术研究中心,河北石家庄050041 [2]国家农业信息技术研究中心,北京100000

出　　处：《河北农业科学》2021年第4期105-108,共4页Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河北省科技厅重点研发计划项目(19226919D)。

摘　　要：为实现设施栽培番茄定植后苗期的温差控制管理,2018年和2019年连续2 a以石家庄市农林科学研究院赵县农业科技园区(东经114°49′12″,北纬37°47′48″)种植秋冬茬番茄的1号、3号、5号温室为研究对象,利用温室微型气象站(空气温度传感器测量范围-20~70℃,测量精度±0.1℃)采集各温室番茄定植(8月17~24日)后21 d内的空气温度数据,每30 min自动采集1次。统计结果显示,番茄苗期温室内昼均温度为25.31~37.76℃,昼夜温差为0.42~15.62℃,昼夜温度波动较大,温差≤6℃的天数占统计总天数的36%。利用IBM SPSS Statistics 23软件对昼夜温差(Y)和昼均温度(X)进行线性回归分析,得到二者关系的一元回归方程为Y=0.902X-21.687 (R2=0.807),计算得到昼夜温差为6℃时的昼均温度为30.7℃。在当地秋茬番茄日常管理中,可依据回归方程,利用采集的温室内昼温(昼均温度)对当天的昼夜温差进行预测预警,并提出温度调控管理的指导意见,当昼均温度<30.7℃时应及时开启通风降温设备。In order to realize the temperature difference control and management of greenhouse tomato at seedling stage,the No.1,No.3 and No.5 greenhouses planted with tomatoes in autumn and winter in Zhaoxian Agricultural Science and Technology Park(114°49′12″ E,37°47′48″ N) of Shijiazhuang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences were taken as the research objects in 2018 and 2019,the air temperature data within 21 days after tomato planting(August 17-24 th) in each greenhouse were collected by using the greenhouse micro meteorological station(the measurement range of air temperature sensor was-20-70 ℃,and the measurement accuracy was ±0.1 ℃),which was automatically collected every 30 minutes. The statistical results showed that the average daytime temperature in tomato seedling greenhouse was 25.31-37.76 ℃,and the temperature difference between day and night was 0.42-15.62 ℃. The temperature fluctuation between day and night was large. The days with temperature difference ≤6 ℃ accounted for 36% of the total statistical days. The linear regression analysis of diurnal temperature difference(Y) and diurnal average temperature(X) was carried out by using IBM SPSS statistics 23 software. The univariate regression equation of the relationship between them was Y =0.902 X-21.687(R2=0.807). The daily average temperature was 30.7 ℃ when the temperature difference between day and night was 6 ℃. In the daily management of local tomato in autumn, the collected daytime temperature(daytime average temperature)in the greenhouse can be used to predict and warn the temperature difference between day and night on the same day according to the regression equation, and the guiding opinions on temperature regulation and management can be put forward. When the daytime average temperature was less than 30.7 ℃,the ventilation and temperature reduction equipment should be opened in time.

关 键 词：番茄 秋冬茬 温室栽培 温度 昼夜温差 温度调节 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]