葡萄酒、烈酒地理标志的法律保护  

Legal Protection of Geographical Indications of Wine and Spirits

作　　者：杨述兴[1] 刘雨璇 Yang Shuxing;Liu Yuxuan

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学人文与发展学院

出　　处：《电子知识产权》2021年第8期76-84,共9页Electronics Intellectual Property

摘　　要：《与贸易有关的知识产权协议》(以下简称“《TRIPS协议》”或“协议”)第23条是葡萄酒、烈酒地理标志保护的特别条款。根据该条规定,不论是将含有葡萄酒、烈酒地理标志的名称作为商标注册,还是将含有地理标志的描述标示在商品上,都是对商品来源的虚假表示,不论是否误导公众,只要非来源于地理标志标记地域,即可规制。我国《商标法》第16条并没有关于葡萄酒、烈酒地理标志特殊保护的规定。而《集体商标、证明商标注册和管理办法》(以下简称《管理办法》)第9条和第12条的规定也与《TRIPS协议》第23条的特殊保护有本质差别,《管理办法》抬高了葡萄酒、烈酒地理标志保护门槛,不完全符合《TRIPS协议》的最低保护要求。Article 23 of the"Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights"(hereinafter referred to as"TRIPS"or"Agreement")is an additional protection for geographical indications for wines and spirits.According to the article,whether the name containing the geographical indication for wines and spirits is registered as a trademark,or the description consisting of the geographical indication is marked on the product,both of them are false representation of the origin of the product,whether it misleads the public or not,as long as it comes from geographical indication marked region,it can be regulated.The provisions of Article 16 of our country's Trademark Law are in line with the general protection requirements for geographical indications in the TRIPS,but there are no special requirements for geographical indications for wines and spirits.The provisions of Articles 9 and 12 of the"Measures for the Registration and Administration of Collective Marks and Certifi cation Marks"(hereinafter referred to as"Administrative Measures")are essentially different from the special protections of Article 23 of the TRIPS——their protection objects are inconsistent.The"Administrative Measures"raised the threshold for the protection of geographical indications for wines and spirits,however,it did not meet the minimum protection requirements of the TRIPS.

关 键 词：地理标志 葡萄酒、烈酒 TRIPS协议 

分 类 号：D923.43[政治法律—民商法学]