论角动量的态空间  

On the state space of angular momentum

作　　者：闫二斌 YAN Er-bin(College of Physics,Northwest University,Xian,Shaanxi 710127,China)

机构地区：[1]西咸新区泾河新城第一中学,陕西西安713700

出　　处：《大学物理》2021年第10期18-21,共4页College Physics

摘　　要：对于自旋量子数为二分之一的自旋角动量态空间中的任何一个纯态,皆可找到自旋角动量在某一个方向上的分量算符,使得此纯态是这个分量算符的本征态.但是对于量子数为1或更大的角动量的态空间中的纯态,发现只有一部分态有相应的结论.由此便可把纯态分为两类.进而可对这两种不同的纯态的存在性、制备方法进行探讨.发现对于不能成为角动量某一方向上分量算符的本征态的态,没有很好的试验方法对其进行制备,这便为实验物理学家提出了一个棘手的问题.For any pure state in the state space of spin angular momentum with spin quantum number 0.5,the component operator of spin angular momentum along a certain direction can be found,and the pure state is the eigenstate of the component operator.However,for the pure state in the state space of spin angular momentum with quantum number 1 or more,it is found that only some states have corresponding conclusions.Therefore,pure states can be divided into two categories.The existence and preparation methods of these two different pure states are discussed.It is found that there is no good experimental method to prepare the eigenstates which cannot be the component operators of angular momentum in a certain direction,which poses a thorny problem for experimental physicists.

关 键 词：自旋角动量 态空间 态叠加原理 量子态制备 

分 类 号：O413.1[理学—理论物理]