渤海稠油催化改质降黏实验  

Experimental of Viscosity Reduction of a Bohai Heavy Oil by Catalytic Upgrading

作　　者：刘海涛[1] 孙永涛[1] 林涛[1] 孙玉豹[1] 马增华[1] LIU Haitao;SUN Yongtao;LIN Tao;SUN Yubao;MA Zenghua(Production Optimization,China Oilfield Services Limited,Tianjin 300459,P R of China)

机构地区：[1]中海油田服务股份有限公司油田生产事业部,天津300459

出　　处：《油田化学》2021年第3期515-518,523,共5页Oilfield Chemistry

基　　金：国家重大科技专项子课题“规模化多元热流体热采工程技术示范”(项目编号2016ZX05058-003-009)。

摘　　要：为了探索海上稠油的热催化改质降黏技术的可行性,解决海上稠油的举升和集输问题,针对渤海西部某油田的稠油分析了稠油黏度与族组分关系,选择了PAS、FAS两种阴离子和Zn^(2+)、Cu^(2+)、Mn^(2+)、Fe^(3+)和Ni^(2+)5种阳离子组合共10种催化剂,进行催化改质降黏实验,对比了催化改质前后族组分的变化。研究结果表明:对于该渤海稠油来说,饱和烃和芳香烃含量越高黏度越低,饱和烃对稠油黏度影响明显大于芳香烃,胶质、沥青质含量越高,其黏度越大,沥青质对于该渤海稠油黏度影响略大于胶质,但由于稠油中胶质含量远大于沥青质含量,因此降低胶质含量是该渤海稠油催化改质的必然选择。PAS-Ni的催化降黏效果最好,可以使该渤海稠油黏度从2167 mPa·s降至566 mPa·s,降黏率为73.88%,PAS-Fe的改质效果次之,稠油黏度降至716 mPa·s,降黏率为66.96%。改质后稠油四组分分析结果表明,催化改质反应主要降低了胶质含量,增加了饱和分和芳香分含量,沥青质含量有小幅度增加。In order to investigate the feasibility of viscosity reduction of offshore heavy oil by catalytic upgrading,and to resolve the problems in the process of artificial lift and gathering and transportation,targeting a heavy oil in the western Bohai Bay,the relationship between viscosity and SARA of heavy oil was analyzed.Ten catalysts,composed of two anion,PAS and FAS,and five cation,Zn^(2+),Cu^(2+),Mn^(2+)、Fe^(3+) and Ni^(2+),were used to carry out catalytic upgrading test,and the catalytic upgrading effect was evaluated by comparing SARA of heavy oil before and after upgrading.The result of experiments indicated that the viscosity of the Bohai heavy oil declined with the increase of saturates content and aromatics content and grew with the increase of resin content and asphaltene content.Saturates content had more influence on viscosity compared to aromatics content,and asphaltene content had a little bit more influence on viscosity than aromatics content.Considering resin took a big proportion,decreasing resin content was the primary target of reducing viscosity of the heavy oil.The catalytic upgrading effect of PAS-Ni was the best,as viscosity was reduced from 2167 mPa·s to 566 mPa·s with reduction rate of 73.88%.Followed by PAS-Fe,as viscosity was reduced to 716 mPa·s with reduction rate of 66.96%.SARA analysis of the upgraded heavy oil showed that the resin content dramatically dropped,and saturates content and aromatics content rose,while asphaltene content slightly increased.

关 键 词：渤海 稠油 降黏 催化改质 SARA族组分 

分 类 号：TE39[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]