松辽盆地某高温特低渗油田注水系统防垢方法  

Anti-scaling Method for Water Injection System of High Temperature and Low Permeability Oilfield in Songliao Basin

作　　者：徐加放[1] 史睿 李影 郑丽华 丛林 XU Jiafang;SHI Rui;LI Ying;ZHENG Lihua;CONG Lin(School of Petroleum Engineering,China University of Petroleum,Qingdao,Shandong 266580,P R of China;Daqing Yushulin Oilfield Development Limited Liability Company,Daqing,Heilongjiang 163000,P R of China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)石油工程学院,山东青岛266580 [2]大庆榆树林油田开发有限责任公司,黑龙江大庆163000

出　　处：《油田化学》2021年第3期540-546,共7页Oilfield Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“深水水基钻井液低温流变性调控用温敏聚合物研制及作用机理研究”(项目编号51874343)。

摘　　要：注水开发是油田常用的提高油气采收率方法之一,但注入水结垢会造成注入水管线堵塞、增加洗泵作业次数等问题;尤其在高温特低渗储层中,结垢问题还会造成地层孔隙度降低、注入压力增加。为解决该问题,以油田的注入水样、储层岩心为研究对象,运用粒度分析仪、扫描电镜和X-射线衍射仪等分析注入水样垢晶成长规律,结合主力油层岩心孔隙结构和矿物组成分析,探寻除垢防垢方法。研究结果表明:注入水存在严重结垢趋势,结垢类型主要为碳酸盐垢;加入软化剂后,注入水垢晶短时间内生长迅速,1 h时垢晶D10即达8~10μm;根据目标区块储层特性,优选0.45μm过滤膜,为防止剩余离子和更小粒径垢进入储层,进一步优选主要成分为水解聚马来酸酐的抗高温阻垢剂,确定了“软化-过滤-阻垢”组合处理方法,实现了注入水结垢的彻底防治。Water injection development is one of the commonly used methods to improve oil and gas recovery in oil fields,but the scaling of injected water will cause blockage of the injected water pipeline and increase the number of pump washing operations,especially in high-temperature,ultra-low permeability reservoirs.The scaling problem will make the formation porosity decrease and the injection pressure increase.In order to solve this problem,the injection water samples and reservoir core of the oil field were taken as the research objects,the scale crystals growth rule of injected water samples was analyzed using particle size analysis,scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction.Combined with the analysis of the core pore structure and mineral composition of the main oil layer,the methods of descaling and anti-scaling was explored.The results showed that the injected water existed in a serious scaling tendency,and the type of scaling was mainly carbonate scale.After the softener was added,the scale crystal grew rapidly in a short time,and the D10 of the scale crystal reached 8-10μm within 1 h.According to the reservoir characteristics of the target block,a 0.45μm filter membrane was preferred,and in order to prevent residual ions and scale with smaller particle size from entering the reservoir,a high-temperature anti-scale inhibitors,mainly composed of poly(maleic anhydride),was further preferred,and a combined“softening-filtration-scale inhibition”treatment method was determined to achieve complete prevention of scale formation in injected water.

关 键 词：高温特低渗油藏 注入水 碳酸盐垢 除垢 防垢 

分 类 号：TE357.6[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]