草海湿地黑色沼泽土不同利用方式可培养微生物的多样性研究  

Diversity of Culturable Microorganisms in Black Swamp Soil of Caohai Wetland Under Different Land Use Patterns

作　　者：游萍 肖群英 王丹 尚桃 杨敬义 李亚梅 薛晓辉 You Ping;Xiao Qunyin;Wang Dan;Shang Tao;Yang Jinyi;Li Yamei;Xue Xiaohui(School of Ecological Engineering,Guizhou University of Engineering Science,Bijie Guizhou 551700;Guizhou Province Key Laboratory of Ecological Protection and Restoration of Typical Plateau Wetlands,Bijie Guizhou 551700)

机构地区：[1]贵州工程应用技术学院生态工程学院,贵州毕节551700 [2]贵州省典型高原湿地生态保护与修复重点实验室,贵州毕节551700

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2021年第26期74-79,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：贵州省科技厅联合基金项目“草海不同湿地类型微生物的调查研究”(黔科合LH[2017]7018);贵州省科技厅项目“贵州省典型高原湿地生态保护与修复重点实验室资”(黔科合平台人才[2020]2002);贵州省教育厅特色领域项目“土著微生物对煤矿废弃地土壤修复效果的研究”(黔教科合KY[2020]066);贵州省教育厅项目“贵州省重点学科、贵州省区域内一流建设培育学科‘生态学’”(黔教科研发[2018]216号);毕节市科技项目“基于SWAT模型的草海农业面源氮磷污染评估”(毕科联合字G[2019]4号)。

摘　　要：为探究草海缓冲区土壤微生物的变化,对不同土地利用方式下可培养土壤微生物分布与土壤理化性质做相应的调查研究,结果表明:(1)不同土地利用方式对土壤微生物数量的影响显著,白菜、芦苇细菌数量极显著低于其他3种,白菜地放线菌数量最高,玉米地的真菌数量最高,草地氨化细菌的数量最高,桃树固氮菌的数量最高,玉米纤维素分解菌的数量最高,白菜无机磷细菌的数量最高;(2)土壤理化性质对微生物的影响不同,有机质、全氮和碱解氮与真菌和纤维素分解菌的数量和组成显著正相关,有机质和全氮却与放线菌和无机磷细菌的数量和组成呈显著负相关。综合考虑不同利用方式土壤微生物数量及土壤营养状况,桃树更适宜于在草海黑色沼泽土区域种植。To explore the changes of soil microorganism in Caohai buffer zone, the distribution of culturable soil microorganisms and soil physical and chemical properties were studied under different land use patterns.The results showed that:(1) different land use patterns significantly affected the soil microbial population, the number of bacteria in cabbage and reed land was significantly lower than that in the other three land use patterns, while the number of actinomycetes in cabbage land, fungi in corn field, ammoniating bacteria in grassland, nitrogen fixing bacteria in peach tree land, cellulose decomposition bacteria in corn field and inorganic phosphorus bacterial in cabbage field were the most;(2) the effects of soil physical and chemical properties on microorganisms were different, organic matter, total nitrogen and alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen were significantly and positively correlated with the number and composition of fungi and cellulose decomposing bacteria, while organic matter and total nitrogen were significantly and negatively correlated with the number and composition of actinomycetes and inorganic phosphorus bacteria. Considering the number of soil microorganism and soil nutrient status under different utilization methods, peach tree land was the suitable land use pattern in the black swamp area of Caohai.

关 键 词：草海 不同利用方式 土壤微生物 功能微生物 湿地 多样性 

分 类 号：Q939.96[生物学—微生物学]