大豆秸秆对西门塔尔母牛产后失重、养分表观消化率及血清生化指标的影响  

Effects of Soybean Straw on Postpartum Weight Loss,Nutrient Apparent Digestibility and Serum Biochemical Indexes of Simmental Cows

作　　者：邹松岩 李妍[2] 孙晓玉[3] 李建国[1] 沈宜钊 高艳霞[1] 李秋凤[1] 曹玉凤[2] 王美美[1] ZOU Songyan;LI Yan;SUN Xiaoyu;LI Jianguo;SHEN Yizhao;GAO Yanxia;LI Qiufeng;CAO Yufeng;WANG Meimei(College of Animal Science and Technology,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China;College of Animal Medicine,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China;Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Sciences,Harbin 150038,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学动物科技学院,保定071001 [2]河北农业大学动物医学院,保定071001 [3]黑龙江省农垦科学院畜牧兽医研究所,哈尔滨150038

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2021年第9期5054-5063,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系资助;河北省二期现代农业产业技术体系肉牛创新团队高效养殖岗位建设项目(HBCT2018130202)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究大豆秸秆对西门塔尔母牛产后失重、养分表观消化率及相关血清生化指标的影响。选取36头体重、配种日期、胎次相近、妊娠4~6个月的西门塔尔母牛,随机分为3组(Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组),每组12头,将大豆秸秆和玉米秸秆按不同比例(0∶100、50∶50、100∶0)组成3种组合粗饲料,加上2种单独的粗饲料,分别进行饲喂,试验期为11个月。结果表明:1)各组间产前重、产后重均无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)Ⅰ组干物质(DM)表观消化率最高,分别较Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组提高了3.59%(P<0.05)、0.81%(P>0.05),Ⅲ组比Ⅱ组提高了2.76%(P<0.05);Ⅰ组中性洗涤纤维(NDF)表观消化率最高,分别较Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组提高了8.02%(P<0.05)、6.73%(P>0.05)。大豆秸秆对西门塔尔牛产后DM、粗蛋白质(CP)、粗脂肪(EE)、NDF、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、钙(Ca)、磷(P)表观消化率影响不显著(P>0.05)。3)与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组产前血清甘油三酯(TG)含量和碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性及产后血清葡萄糖(GLU)含量和ALP活性显著降低(P<0.05)。综上所述,随饲粮中大豆秸秆比例升高,西门塔尔母牛的饲养成本降低,饲粮DM、CP、EE、NDF、ADF、Ca、P表观消化率不受影响,但血清部分生化指标下降。综合各项指标,建议大豆秸秆替代玉米秸秆的比例为50%。The aim of this experiment was to study the effects of soybean straw on postpartum weight loss,nutrient apparent digestibility and serum biochemical indexes of Simmental cattle.Thirty-six Simmental cows with similar weight,mating date,parity and 4 to 6 months gestation were randomly divided into three groups(groupsⅠ,ⅡandⅢ),with 12 cows in each group.Three kinds of combined roughages were composed of soybean straw and corn straw according to different proportions(0∶100,50∶50 and 50∶50,respectively),and two kinds of separate roughages were fed,respectively.The experimental period was 11 months.The results showed as follows:1)there was no significant difference in prenatal body weight and postpartum body weight among the three groups(P>0.05).2)The apparent digestibility of dry matter(DM)in groupⅠwas the highest,which was 3.59%and 0.81%higher than that in groupⅡand groupⅢ,respectively(P<0.05),and that in groupⅢwas 2.76%higher than that in groupⅡ(P<0.05).The apparent digestibility of neutral detergent fiber(NDF)in groupⅠwas the highest,which was 8.02%(P<0.05)and 6.73%(P>0.05)higher than that in groupⅡand groupⅢ,respectively.Soybean straw had no significant effect on the apparent digestibility of DM,crude protein(CP),ether extract(EE),NDF,acid detergent fiber(ADF),calcium(Ca),phosphorus(P)of Simmental cattle(P>0.05).3)Compared with groupⅠ,the serum prenatal triglyceride(TG)content and alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activity and postpartum glucose(GLU)content and ALP activity in groupⅡand groupⅢwere significantly lower(P<0.05).To sum up,with the increase of the proportion of soybean straw in diet,the feeding cost of Simmental cows decrease,and the apparent digestibility of DM,CP,EE,NDF,ADF,Ca and P are not affected,but some serum indexes decrease.Combined with various indicators,it is recommended that the amount of soybean straw instead of corn straw is 50%.

关 键 词：大豆秸秆 西门塔尔母牛 产后失重 消化代谢 血清生化指标 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]