鼠李糖乳杆菌对早期断奶成华黑仔猪生长性能、免疫性能和肠道菌群的影响  

Effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus on Growth Performance,Immune Performance and Intestinal Microflora of Early Weaned Chenghua Black Piglets

作　　者：朱佳文 徐麒麟 苏志鹏 刘瀚扬 陈亚迎 叶思齐 杨雪[1] 雷春龙[1] 郑江蓉[1] 许祯莹[1] ZHU Jiawen;XU Qilin;SU Zhipeng;LIU Hanyang;CHEN Yaying;YE Siqi;YANG Xue;LEI Chunlong;ZHENG Jiangrong;XU Zhenying(Chengdu Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Chengdu 611130,China;Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Shizhong District,Leshan City,Leshan 614000,China;Sichuan Dekang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Food Group Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610200,China;College of Veterinary Medicine,Southwest University,Chongqing 400700,China)

机构地区：[1]成都市农林科学院,成都611130 [2]乐山市市中区农业农村局,乐山614000 [3]四川德康农牧食品集团股份有限公司,成都610200 [4]西南大学动物医学院,重庆400700

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2021年第9期5324-5331,共8页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：2020年非洲猪瘟形势下四川省生猪安全生产关键技术推广应用项目[川农函(2020)184号];2020年成都市财政科技项目重点研发支撑计划--畜禽水产健康养殖技术集成研究与应用(2020-YF09-00038-SN)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲粮添加鼠李糖乳杆菌对早期断奶成华黑仔猪生长性能、免疫性能和肠道菌群的影响。试验选用32头体重为(7.54±0.19)kg的28日龄断奶成华黑仔猪,随机分为2组,每组4个重复,每个重复4头仔猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮;鼠李糖乳杆菌组在基础饲粮中添加5.56 mg/kg鼠李糖乳杆菌,使每千克饲粮活菌数达到2.78×10^(9) CFU试验预试期7 d,正试期28 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,鼠李糖乳杆菌组断奶仔猪平均日增重和肉料比显著提高(P<0.05)。2)与对照组相比,鼠李糖乳杆菌组断奶仔猪血清总蛋白、肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素-2、补体3和免疫球蛋白G含量、过氧化氢酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性以及总抗氧化能力显著提高(P<0.05)。3)16S rDNA基因高通量测序显示,厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)和变形菌门(Proteobacteria)为断奶仔猪盲肠内容物菌群中的优势菌门。在属水平上,鼠李糖乳杆菌组盲肠内容物乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)和Alloprevotella的相对丰度较对照组分别提高了21.00倍和3.79倍,而盲肠内容物普雷沃氏菌属9(Prevotella_9)和埃希氏菌-志贺氏菌属(Escherichia-Shigella)的相对丰度较对照组分别降低了54.54%和70.62%。综上所述,饲粮添加鼠李糖乳杆菌能够提高早期断奶成华黑仔猪平均日增重和肉料比,提高血清抗氧化能力和机体免疫性能,提高盲肠内容物乳杆菌属和Alloprevotella相对丰度,降低盲肠内容物埃希氏菌-志贺氏菌属相对丰度,改善肠道菌群结构,促进肠道健康,从而提高其生长性能和免疫性能。This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus on the growth performance,immune performance and intestinal microflora of early weaned Chenghua black piglets.Thirty-two Chenghua black piglets weaned at 28 days of age with body weight of(7.54±0.19)kg were randomly divided into 2 groups with 4 replicates per group and 4 piglets per replicate.Piglets in the control group were fed a basal diet,and those in the Lactobacillus rhamnosus group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 5.56 mg/kg Lactobacillus rhamnosus(the viable bacteria count reached 2.78×10^(9) CFU/kg diet).The experiment lasted for 28 days after 7-day adaption.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the control group,the average daily gain and gain to feed ratio of weaned piglets in the Lactobacillus rhamnosus group were significantly increased(P<0.05).2)Compared with the control group,the contents of total protein,tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin-2,complement 3 and immunoglobulin G,the activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase and total antioxidant capacity in serum of weaned piglets in the Lactobacillus rhamnosus group were significantly increased(P<0.05).3)The high-throughput sequencing of 16S rDNA gene showed that Firmicutes,Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria were the dominant bacteria phyla in the cecal contents of weaned piglets.At the genus level,compared with the control group,the relative abundances of Lactobacillus and Alloprevotella in the cecal contents of the Lactobacillus rhamnosus group were increased by 21.00 times and 3.79 times,respectively;and the relative abundances of Prevotella_9 and Escherichia-Shigella in the cecal contents were decreased by 54.54%and 70.62%,respectively.In conclusion,dietary Lactobacillus rhamnosus can increase the average daily gain and gain to feed ratio of early weaned Chenghua black piglets,improve the serum antioxidant capacity and immune performance,increase the relative abundances of Lactobacillus and Alloprevotella in cecal contents,reduce the relative

关 键 词：生长性能 免疫性能 肠道菌群 鼠李糖乳杆菌 早期断奶仔猪 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]