地球物理方法在砂岩型铀矿勘查中的应用进展  

Application progress of geophysical methods in exploration of sandstone-type uranium deposit

作　　者：封志兵[1,2,3] 聂冰锋 聂逢君 江丽[2] 夏菲 李满根[3] 严兆彬[3] 何剑锋[1] 程若丹[2] FENG Zhi-Bing;NIE Bing-Feng;NIE Feng-Jun;JIANG Li;XIA Fei;LI Man-Gen;YAN Zhao-Bin;HE Jian-Feng;CHENG Ruo-Dan(Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory on Radioactive Geoscience and Big Data Technology,East China University of Technology,Nanchang 330013,China;School of Geophysics and Measurement-Control Technology,East China University of Technology,Nanchang 330013,China;State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment,East China University of Technology,Nanchang 330013,China)

机构地区：[1]东华理工大学江西省放射性地学大数据技术工程实验室,江西南昌330013 [2]东华理工大学地球物理与测控技术学院,江西南昌330013 [3]东华理工大学核资源与环境国家重点实验室,江西南昌330013

出　　处：《物探与化探》2021年第5期1179-1188,共10页Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U2067202、41862010、42072099);江西省教育厅科技计划项目(GJJ170480);江西省放射性地学大数据技术工程实验室开放基金项目(JELRGBDT202007);中核集团龙灿工程科研项目(地LCEQ01);东华理工大学核资源与环境国家重点实验室开放基金项目(NRE1809)。

摘　　要：砂岩型铀矿是当今我国铀矿勘探的主要类型。地球物理方法在沉积盆地油气、煤等能源矿产勘查中得到广泛应用,其在同盆产出的砂岩型铀矿找矿与勘探中理应担当重任。文章从砂岩型铀矿成矿理论和控矿因素出发,结合勘探实际情况,探讨各地球物理方法的应用现状、存在问题和发展趋势。在实际应用中,地球物理测井在直接定位铀矿和定量计算平米铀含量等方面发挥重要作用,地面地球物理方法在查明沉积建造、断裂、地质体岩性和基底起伏等铀成矿环境方面有优势。为确保地球物理方法的应用效果,需要在方法选择、测线布置、数据处理和解释等全过程紧密结合已有地质信息,还需根据勘探实际情况选择相适应的地球物理方法(组合)。文章强调,重磁勘探可为盆地内部有利勘探区的优选和后期地质、地球物理勘探工作的布置提供依据,应在此类铀矿找矿与勘探前期工作中得到足够的重视。Sandstone-type uranium deposits are the main type of uranium resources in China.Geophysical exploration methods are widely used to explore energy and mineral resources such as oil,gas,and coal in sedimentary basins,and they should also play an important role in the exploration of sandstone-type uranium deposits.Based on actual exploration conditions,this paper explores the current application status,existing problems,and development trends of geophysical exploration methods from the aspects of the metallogenic theory and ore-controlling factors of sandstone-type uranium deposits.In practical application,geophysical logging plays an important role in the direct positioning of uranium deposits and the quantitative calculation of uranium content per square meter,while the surface geophysical methods enjoy advantages in ascertaining uranium metallogenic environments such as sedimentary suites,faults,the lithology of rock masses,and basement relief.To ensure the application effects of geophysical exploration methods,it is necessary to closely combine the existing geological information in the whole process of method selection,survey line arrangement,and data processing and interpretation.Meanwhile,it is also necessary to select comprehensive geophysical exploration methods as required by actual conditions.It should be emphasized that the gravity and magnetic data can provide bases for the selection of optimal exploration areas inside basins and the arrangement of geological and geophysical exploration in the late stage.Therefore,enough attention should be paid to them in the prospecting and preliminary exploration work of uranium deposits.

关 键 词：砂岩型铀矿 放射性勘查 地球物理方法 层间氧化带 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]