阶背车尾部结构对尾流场气动特性影响的仿真分析  

Simulation analysis for the effect of notchback-car rear structure on wake-field aerodynamic characteristics

作　　者：屈贤[1] 余烽[1] 张金龙[2] QU Xian;YU Feng;ZHANG Jinlong(College of Intelligent Manufacturing and Transportation,Chongqing Vocational Institute of Engineering,Chongqing 402260,China;The State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆工程职业技术学院智能制造与交通学院,重庆402260 [2]机械传动国家重点实验室,重庆大学,重庆400044

出　　处：《汽车安全与节能学报》2021年第3期314-321,共8页Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy

基　　金：重庆市教育委员会科学技术研究项目(KJQN201803408);重庆市教委科学技术研究项目(KJ1603207);重庆工程职业技术学院院级科研项目(KJA201903);重庆工程职业技术学院“十大育人”科研育人项目(SDB202013)。

摘　　要：为减少汽车气动阻力,改善阶背车尾部气动造型,探究了阶背车尾部结构对汽车气动特性的影响。采用Star-ccm+软件对阶背车MIRA模型的尾流场进行数值仿真,分析影响尾流场的关键车尾结构,确定了以车顶、后窗、侧窗、后备箱、底部上翘及尾部端面6个尾部结构为研究对象,探究了这些结构对气动特性的影响规律。从车尾整体角度设计车尾结构正交优化试验,进行各结构间相互影响下的车尾气动结构优化分析。结果表明:尾部上翘角、后窗倾角与车顶倾角是车尾气动结构设计与优化的关键;正交优化后的阶背车尾部结构,使气动阻尼系数减小14.4%。这说明,该结构设计改善了汽车尾流场。The influence of notchback-car rear parts on aerodynamic characteristics was investigated to improve the aerodynamic shape and to reduce its aerodynamic resistance.The wake field of the MIRA model was simulated by using software Star-ccm+to analyze the key rear structures affecting its flow field.The subjects were determined as six tail structures,including the roof angles,the rear window,the side window,the tail-up,the tail end face,and the trunk length,to investigate its influencing aerodynamic characteristics.An orthogonal optimization test of the rear structures was designed from the view of the whole rear structures.Optimized analysis of rear aerodynamic structures was developed with consideration of the interaction between each structure.The results show that the tail-up angle,the rear window angle,and the roof angle play key roles in designing the vehicle’s rear aerodynamic shape.The drag coefficient is reduced to 14.4%after the orthogonal optimization of the rear structures.Therefore,the optimal structure improves the vehicle rear flow.

关 键 词：汽车结构 汽车节能 尾流场 阶背车尾部结构 数值仿真 正交试验 

分 类 号：TP391.9[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]