广州南沙湿地浮游动物多样性及水质生物学评价  

Biological Evaluation of Zooplankton Diversity and Water Quality inNansha Wetland, Guangzhou Province

作　　者：吕紫微 陈雅琪 彭家豪 吴映明[1] 唐以杰[1] 陈晓萍 苏海燕 曾立人 LüZiwei;Chen Yaqi;Peng Jiahao;Wu Yingming;Tang Yijie;Chen Xiaoping;Su Haiyan;Zeng Liren(Guangdong University of Education,Guangdong,Guangzhou 510303,China)

机构地区：[1]广东第二师范学院,广东广州510303

出　　处：《绿色科技》2021年第18期31-35,40,共6页Journal of Green Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:31570525);广东第二师范学院大学生创新创业训练项目(编号:202014278121)。

摘　　要：为了解广州南沙湿地浮游动物多样性及其水质情况,在广州南沙湿地设置芦苇一、芦苇二、芦苇三、光滩、无瓣海桑一、无瓣海桑二以及无瓣海桑三7个采样点,于2020年春、夏、秋三个季节进行了采样调查,并利用浮游动物多样性指数对南沙湿地水质进行了生物学评价。结果显示:广州南沙湿地共检测出浮游动物54种,其中节肢动物28种(占51.85%),包含桡足类24种,介形类1种,甲壳类1种,软甲动物2种;轮虫类9种(占16.67%);原生动物16种(占29.62%),含纤毛虫类8种,肉足虫类8种;毛颚动物1种(占1.85%),均为箭虫类。浮游动物平均密度为24.30 ind./L,各采样点位变动范围为6.40 ind./L~36.00 ind./L。优势种共有6种,无节幼体是三个季节共有的优势种,桡足幼体是春季和秋季共有的优势种。采样点的Shannon-wiener diversity多样性指数(H′)的平均值为2.390,Pielou均匀度指数J′的平均值为0.804,丰富度指数(d)的平均值为5.581。利用浮游动物多样性指数对南沙湿地水质进行了生物学评价,广州南沙湿地浮游动物的水体环境质量状态处于轻-中度污染,因而,需要进一步加强广州南沙湿地水环境的治理和生态保护。In order to understand the zooplankton diversity and water quality of the Nansha Wetland in Guangzhou,7 sampling points were set up in Guangzhou Nansha Wetland:Phragmites australis 1,Phragmites australis 2,Phragmites australis 3,bare beach,Sonneratia apetala 1,S.apetala 2,and S.apetala 3.Surveys were conducted in each season of spring,summer and autumn in 2020 by using the biodiversity index to evaluate water quality.The results showed that 54 species of zooplankton were detected in the Nansha Wetland in Guangzhou Province.There were 28 species of arthropods(accounting for 51.85%),including 24 species of copepods,1 species of ostracods,1 species of crustaceans and 2 species of soft crustaceans;there were 9 species of insects(accounting for 16.67%);there were 16 species of protozoa(accounting for 29.62%),including 8 species of ciliates and 8 species of carnivores;there were 1 species of chaetognaths(accounting for 1.85%),all of which were arrow insects.The average density of zooplankton was 24.30 per liter,and the variation of each sampling point ranged from 6.40 per liter to 36.00 per liter.There were 6 types of dominant species in the survey.Nauplius was the dominant species in all the three seasons,and copepods was the dominant species in spring and autumn.The average Shannon-Weiner diversity index(H’)of the sampling points was 2.390;the average Pielou uniformity index J’was 0.804,while the average richness index(d)was 5.581.Comprehensive analysis of the data concludes that the diversity index of zooplankton in Guangzhou Nansha Wetland is low,and the pollution of water environment quality varies from being lightly polluted to being moderately polluted.Therefore,it is necessary to further strengthen the pollution control and ecological protection of the water environment in Guangzhou Nansha Wetland.

关 键 词：广州南沙湿地 浮游动物 生物多样性 水质生物学评价 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]