非正规垃圾堆放点陈腐垃圾分选与无害化处理--以福州市某垃圾场为例  

Sorting and Innocuous Treatment of Stale Garbage in Informal Garbage Dumps-A Case Study of a Garbage Dump in Fuzhou City

作　　者：张良 罗成明 张龙 李晶 Zhang Liang;Luo Chengming;Zhang Long;Li Jing(BGI Engineering Consultants Ltd.,Beijing 100000,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市勘察设计研究院有限公司,北京100000

出　　处：《绿色科技》2021年第18期153-158,共6页Journal of Green Science and Technology

摘　　要：由于目前在我国的城郊和农村地区分布着大量的利用天然地形进行填埋的非正规垃圾堆放点,基本未采取或仅采取简易防渗措施。随着填埋量的增多和时间推移,蚊蝇滋生、塌方和降雨淋滤等问题日益严重,对周边的人居环境及土壤地下水环境造成不利影响,急需整治。以福州市某非正规垃圾堆放点陈腐垃圾分选及无害化处理整治工程为例,阐述了垃圾分选、卫生填埋、封场绿化和雨污分流等治理工程,总结了实际工程的经验:关注垃圾含水率,一般垃圾含水率超过35%则需要采取翻晒处理措施,并做好临时堆体底部“一布一膜”的防渗措施;重点管控土工膜的搭接顺序和焊接质量;封场绿化工程中对堆体进行整形,边坡充分压实,底部与地面呈45°缓坡,实际绿化覆土约100 cm厚度,都为施工作业中关注的细节点;雨污分流的工作原则是减少进入垃圾堆体的雨水量和防止垃圾堆体被冲刷,并最大限度地降低渗沥液的产生量。为解决全国的非正规垃圾堆放点存量大、处理设施滞后等实际问题提供工程措施和经验,以期寻找一种非正规垃圾堆放点可操作性和复制性的治理方案。Informal garbage dumps are common in small cities of China,mainly distributed in suburbs and rural areas.Most landfills using natural terrain have not adopted or only adopted simple anti-seepage measures.With the increase of the amount of landfills and the passage of time,the problems such as mosquito and fly breeding,collapse and rainfall leaching are becoming more and more serious,which have adverse effects on the surrounding human living environment and the soil and groundwater environment and urgently need to be remedied.This paper takes the garbage sorting and innocuous treatment and remediation project of an informal garbage disposal site in Fuzhou City as an example to expatiate the treatment projects of garbage sorting,sanitary landfill,sealing site greening and rainwater and sewage diversion.The engineering experience is summarized as follows:the moisture content of garbage should be paid attention.When the moisture content of general garbage exceeds 35%,it is necessary to take sun-drying treatment measures,and do a good job of anti-seepage measures of“one cloth and one film”at the bottom of the temporary pile body.The lap sequence and welding quality of geomembrane should be controlled.In the sealing site greening project,the pile body is reshaped;the slope is fully compacted;the bottom and the ground are 45 gentle slope and the actual greening soil is about 100 cm thick,all of which are the details concerned in the construction work.The principle of rainwater diversion is to reduce the amount of rainwater into the landfill and prevent the landfill from being scoured,and to reduce the leachate production to the maximum extent.By summarizing the key points of actual projects, this paper provides engineering measures and experience for solving the practical problems of large inventory of informal waste disposal sites in China, so as to find operable and reproducible treatment scheme for informal waste disposal sites.

关 键 词：非正规垃圾堆放点 卫生填埋 垃圾分选 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]