大渡河干旱河谷地区巨菌草发芽率和分蘖数及种植关键技术研究  

Research on Germination Rate,Tiller Numbers and Key Planting Techniques of Pennisetum sp.in the Dry Valley of Dadu River

作　　者：吴晓彬 宋思梦 谭青青 黎芳 向虹霖 成芳秀 Wu Xiaobin;Song Simeng;Tan Qingqing;Li Fang;Xiang Honglin;Cheng Fangxiu(Hengduan Mountain Ecological Restoration and Characteristic Industry Cultivation Research Center,Sichuan Minzu College,Kangding,Sichuan 626001,China)

机构地区：[1]四川民族学院横断山区生态修复与特色产业培育研究中心,四川康定626001

出　　处：《绿色科技》2021年第17期102-106,共5页Journal of Green Science and Technology

基　　金：2020年四川省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(编号:S202011661106,S202011661092,S202011661090);2020年四川民族学院科研项目(编号:XYZB2016ZB,XYZB2003ZA)。

摘　　要：巨菌草品质优、适口性好,既是高蛋白的饲料,又是菌类基质,是一种集合生态、经济与社会效益于一体的优质菌草。通过对大渡河干旱河谷地区巨菌草的发芽率和分蘖数进行观测研究,以初步判定巨菌草理论上能否在甘孜州引种成功,并总结在该地区开展规模化种植巨菌草的关键性技术。结果表明:地温对巨菌草发芽率与分蘖数有显著影响,种苗在地温高于20℃时发芽率较高、分蘖数较多,地温低于20℃后生长缓慢,地温低于10℃后种节生长趋于停滞;巨菌草适合在甘孜州大渡河干旱河谷区引种栽培,种植后的巨菌草在1~2个月内发芽并分蘖,10月分蘖数11.32个/从,11月分蘖数21.02个/从,12月分蘖数25.28个/从。提出了巨菌草适宜在甘孜州地温高于20℃的季节播种,且要求土壤疏松透气,覆土不宜过深,种节播种前需24 h浸泡处理有利于出苗。Pennisetum sp.has excellent quality and good palatability.It is not only a high-protein feed,but also a fungus substrate.It is a high-quality Juncao that integrates ecological,economic and social benefits.Based on the observational research on the germination rate and tiller numbers of Pennisetum sp.in the dry valley of the Dadu River,it is preliminarily determined whether Pennisetum sp.can be successfully introduced in Ganzi Prefecture in theory,and the key technologies for large-scale planting of Pennisetum sp.in this area were summarized.The results showed that:①The ground temperature had a significant effect on the germination rate and the tiller numbers.Seedlings will germinate faster and had more tillers when the ground temperature is higher than 20℃.The growth will be slow when the ground temperature is lower than 20℃,and the nodes tend to stagnate when the ground temperature is lower than 10℃;②Pennisetum sp.is suitable for introduction and cultivation in the dry valley area of Dadu River in Ganzi Prefecture.After planting,the Pennisetum sp.germinates and tillers within 1-2 months.The number of tillers in October is 11.32;the number of monthly tillers is 21.02,and the number of tillers in December is 25.28.In summary,Pennisetum sp.is suitable for planting in the season when the ground temperature is higher than 20℃in Ganzi Prefecture,and the soil is required to be loose and breathable,and the cover should not be too deep.It needs 24 hours for soaking treatment before planting to facilitate the emergence of seedlings.

关 键 词：巨菌草 发芽率 分蘖数 种植技术 

分 类 号：S543[农业科学—作物学]