不同超滤组合工艺对滤池反冲洗废水的处理效能  

Performance of Different Ultrafiltration Combined Processes for Treatment of Filter Backwash Wastewater

作　　者：林锦棠 韩永辉 许泽彬 董燕珊 刘贝 梁恒 LIN Jin-tang;HAN Yong-hui;XU Ze-bin;DONG Yan-shan;LIU Bei;LIANG Heng(Foshan Environmental Protection Investment Co.Ltd.,Foshan 528000,China;School of Environment,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150090,China;Foshan Water Industry Sanshui Water Supply Co.Ltd.,Foshan 528000,China)

机构地区：[1]佛山市环境保护投资有限公司,广东佛山528000 [2]哈尔滨工业大学环境学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150090 [3]佛山水业三水供水有限公司,广东佛山528000

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2021年第15期28-34,共7页China Water & Wastewater

摘　　要：为了探究超滤对滤池反冲洗废水的处理效果及其组合工艺对膜污染的控制效能,采用直接超滤、在线混凝/超滤、混凝/沉淀/超滤3种不同工艺处理滤池反冲洗废水。结果表明,3种工艺对浊度的去除率都在99.5%以上,出水COD_(Mn)均在1.20 mg/L以下,表明超滤对浊度和COD_(Mn)具有优异的去除效果;直接超滤工艺对UV_(254)的去除率为(26.93±4.14)%,而在线混凝/超滤工艺与混凝/沉淀/超滤工艺对UV_(254)的去除率分别可达到(37.41±3.57)%和(40.87±6.22)%,明显优于直接超滤工艺;3种工艺对原水中荧光类污染物的去除效果均不明显;通过分析3种工艺的出水水质、膜污染情况以及傅里叶红外光谱图和膜表面形貌图发现,直接超滤造成的膜污染最为严重,且不可逆污染占主导,出水水质情况表明预处理能够降低超滤进水污染物负荷,并且改变水中污染物形态,因此预混凝能够有效缓解膜污染,而混凝/沉淀/超滤工艺对膜污染的缓解效果最好;同时,膜污染模型拟合结果表明,滤饼层过滤和临界阻塞是引起直接超滤膜污染的主要原因。In order to investigate the treatment effect of ultrafiltration on filter backwash wastewater and the control effect of combined processes on membrane fouling, three different processes(direct ultrafiltration, on-line coagulation/ultrafiltration and coagulation/sedimentation/ultrafiltration) were employed to treat filter backwash wastewater. Turbidity removal efficiencies of the three processes were all above 99.5%, and the effluent COD_(Mn) concentrations were always below 1.20 mg/L, indicating that ultrafiltration had excellent turbidity and COD_(Mn) removal performance. UV_(254) removal efficiency of direct ultrafiltration was(26.93±4.14)%, while the UV_(254) removal efficiencies of on-line coagulation/ultrafiltration and coagulation/sedimentation/ultrafiltration reached(37.41±3.57)% and(40.87±6.22)%, respectively, which were obviously better than that of direct ultrafiltration. The three treatment processes had no obvious removal effect on fluorescent pollutants in raw water. Effluent quality of the three processes, membrane fouling, FTIR spectroscopy and membrane surface morphology were analyzed. It was found that the membrane fouling caused by direct ultrafiltration was the most serious, and irreversible fouling played a dominant role. The effluent quality indicated that pretreatment could reduce the pollutant load in the influent of the ultrafiltration and change the form of pollutants in the water. Therefore, pre-coagulation could effectively relieve membrane fouling and the coagulation/sedimentation/ultrafiltration process had the best alleviating effect on membrane fouling. Meanwhile, membrane fouling model fitting results showed that the main membrane fouling mechanism of direct ultrafiltration was cake filtration and intermediate blocking.

关 键 词：滤池反冲洗废水 超滤 混凝 膜污染 

分 类 号：TU991[建筑科学—市政工程]