一种仿生偏振航向测量系统设计与测试  

Design and test of a bionic polarization heading measurement system

作　　者：李磊磊[1] 梁琳 张旭升[2] 陈家斌[1] 刘星桥 LI Leilei;LIANG Lin;ZHANG Xusheng;CHEN Jiabin;LIU Xingqiao(School of Automation,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;School of Optoelectronics,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学自动化学院,北京100081 [2]北京理工大学光电学院,北京100081

出　　处：《中国惯性技术学报》2021年第3期356-361,共6页Journal of Chinese Inertial Technology

基　　金：国防预研项目(41417070401);国家自然科学基金(91420203)。

摘　　要：为了利用天空偏振信息实现航向信息获取,设计了一种新型仿生偏振航向测量系统,并对该系统所采用的基于偏光调制原理测量方位角方法等进行研究。首先,介绍了天空偏振模式分布规律,根据瑞利散射原理,待测光束的振动方向垂直于太阳、地面观察点和观察方向所构成的平面,为了研究天空偏振信息建立了地平坐标系;然后,基于偏光调制原理,设计可旋转偏振片测量系统,对天顶区域的光束进行测量,获取天空偏振光束的斯托克斯参数,通过斯托克斯参数计算出偏振方位角,并结合太阳子午线与北向的夹角,得到偏振航向角;最后,为了减少光学元器件噪声对系统测量精度的影响,设计了偏振航向测量系统参数的实验室标定方法。实验结果表明:仿生偏振航向测量系统的室内测量最大误差小于0.2°,室外测量均方误差小于0.6°,基本满足仿生偏振航向测量精度要求。In order to obtain heading information by using sky polarization information,a new type of bionic polarization heading measurement system is designed,and the azimuth measurement method based on polarization modulation principle is studied.Firstly,the distribution law of sky polarization mode is introduced.According to the Rayleigh scattering principle,the vibration direction of the beam to be measured is perpendicular to the plane composed of the sun,the ground observation point and the observation direction,and the horizontal coordinate system is established to study the sky polarization information.Then,based on the principle of polarization modulation,a rotatable polarizer measurement system is designed to measure the beam in the zenith region and obtain the stokes parameter of the polarization beam in the sky.The polarization azimuth angle is calculated by the stokes parameter,and the polarization heading angle is obtained by combining the angle between the sun meridian and north.Finally,in order to reduce the influence of noise of optical components on the measurement accuracy of the system,a laboratory calibration method for the parameters of the polarization heading measurement system is designed.The experimental results show that the maximum indoor measurement error of the bionic polarization heading measurement system is less than 0.2°,and the mean square error of outdoor measurement is less than 0.6°,which basically meets the requirements of bionic polarization heading measurement accuracy.

关 键 词：仿生导航 偏振测量 瑞利散射 斯托克斯参数 

分 类 号：TP212.9[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]