山东省玉米青枯病主要致病菌的分离鉴定及优势致病菌的致病性测定  

Isolation and Identification of Main Pathogens of Corn Stalk Rot and Pathogenicity Determination of Dominant Pathogens in Shandong Province

作　　者：刘新 任凤山[2] 徐晓辉[2] 孙红炜[2] 李凡[2] 杨淑柯 郝超峰 路兴波 Liu Xin;Ren Fengshan;Xu Xiaohui;Sun Hongwei;Li Fan;Yang Shuke;Hao Chaofeng;Lu Xingbo(College of Life Sciences,Shandong Normal University,Jinan 250014,China;Institute of Plant Protection,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Shandong Key Laboratory of Plant Virology,Jinan 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学生命科学学院,山东济南250014 [2]山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所/山东省植物病毒学重点实验室,山东济南250100

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2021年第9期100-104,共5页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山东省农业重大应用技术创新项目“玉米青枯病综合防控技术的研究与应用”。

摘　　要：玉米青枯病是一种严重影响玉米产量的土传病害,在世界各玉米种植区均有发生。玉米青枯病的病原复杂多样,不同地区差别很大。本研究连续3年(2014—2016年)对山东省6市玉米种植区青枯病的病原进行分离鉴定,发现山东省玉米青枯病主要为镰孢菌属(Fusarium spp.)和腐霉属(Pythium spp.)病原菌复合侵染所致,不同年份和地点的主要致病菌组成有一定差异。镰孢菌属病原菌主要为禾谷镰孢菌(F.graminearum)、拟轮枝镰孢菌(F.verticillioides)和层出镰孢菌(F.proliferatum),腐霉属病原菌主要为芒孢腐霉(P.aristosporum)和强雄腐霉(P.arrhenomanes)。从全部分离物中选择3种有代表性的菌株(禾谷镰孢菌、拟轮枝镰孢菌、芒孢腐霉)进行致病力测定,结果显示禾谷镰孢菌致病力最强,对植株生长影响最大,拟轮枝镰孢菌次之,芒孢腐霉对植株生长的影响相对较小。本研究结果为制定山东省玉米青枯病综合防控方案奠定了基础。Corn stalk rot is a serious soil-borne disease, which occurs in all corn growing areas in the world. The pathogen of corn stalk rot is complex and diverse, and varies greatly in different regions. In this study, the pathogens of corn stalk rot in corn growing areas of six cities of Shandong Province were isolated and identified in three consecutive years(2014-2016). It was found that the pathogens of corn stalk rot in Shandong Province were caused by complex infection of Fusarium spp. and Pythium spp., and the main pathogens were different in different years and places. The main pathogens of Fusarium spp. were F. graminearum, F. verticillioides and F. proliferatum,and those of Pythium spp. were P. aristosporum and P. arrhenomanes. Three representative strains(F. graminearum, F. verticillioides, P. aristosporum) were selected from all the isolates to determine their pathogenicity. The results showed that F. graminearum had the strongest pathogenicity and the greatest impact on plant growth, followed by F. verticillioides, P. aristosporum had the weakest effect on plant growth. The results of this study provided the basis for the establishment of comprehensive control of corn stalk rot in Shandong Province.

关 键 词：玉米 青枯病 镰孢菌 腐霉菌 致病力 山东省 

分 类 号：S435.131[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]