两种测量线膨胀系数方法的比较  

Comparison of Two Methods of Measuring Linear Expansion Coefficient

作　　者：隗群梅 WEI Qunmei(College of Science,China University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao,Shandong Province,266580 China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)理学院,山东青岛266580

出　　处：《科技资讯》2021年第20期40-42,46,共4页Science & Technology Information

基　　金：山东省教育教学改革研究项目(项目编号:21JG148)。

摘　　要：该实验采用热膨胀测试仪(热膨胀测试仪DH0505)通过迈克尔逊干涉法和千分表法测量3种金属(铜、钢、铝)的线膨胀系数。该文通过对实验数据的处理和分析,对实验过程中存在的问题进行了深入的总结和探讨。发现:(1)迈克尔逊干涉测量方法的精度在理论上高于千分表法,但实际上两种方法测量结果的相对误差相当;(2)无论采用何种测量方法,冷却过程中的测量结果相对误差均小于加热过程中的测量结果。This experiment uses a thermal expansion tester(thermal expansion tester DH0505)to measure the coefficient of linear expansion of three metals(copper,steel,aluminum)by Michelson interferometry and dial indicator method.Through the processing and analysis of experimental data,the problems existing in the experimental process are deeply summarized and discussed.It is found that:(1)The accuracy of the Michelson interferometer measurement method is theoretically higher than the dial gauge method,but in fact the relative errors of the measurement results of the two methods are equivalent;(2)Regardless of the measurement method,the relative error of the measurement result during the cooling process is smaller than the measurement result during the heating process.

关 键 词：线膨胀系数 误差 千分表 迈克尔逊干涉 稳态 瞬态 

分 类 号：O4-34[理学—物理]