再考和重排西周诸王年代之新发现——兼论《今本竹书纪年》的真实性  

A New Discovery on the Reexamination and Rearrangement of the Ages of the Kings of the Western Zhou Dynasty——On the Authenticity of Jinben Bamboo Annals

作　　者：孙仕辉 Sun Shihui(Datang Chongqing Branch Office,Chongqing,China)

机构地区：[1]中国大唐集团有限公司重庆分公司办公室

出　　处：《社会科学论坛》2021年第5期25-42,共18页Tribune of Social Sciences

摘　　要：2000年国家公布夏商周断代工程研究成果(简本)之后,仍有不少专家学者通过各种方式研究完善其结论。该文认为,应用SkyMap、易通万年历等电脑手机软件,分析西周上百个青铜器金文所载历法、天象,结合《今本竹书纪年》等古籍所载相关历史事件及干支纪年,可以推算还原西周诸王王年。该文再考、重排了西周十二个王年,特别提出了有别于夏商周断代工程的武王伐纣之年为前1050年。通过干支历法与历史文献的相互验证,认为《今本竹书纪年》记载的西周有关历史事件是真实的客观的,应该是古人对前人《汲冢纪年》遗存进行后续研究的一个历史断代工程文档,并不是简单的"杂陈",其内容值得进一步讨论研究。汤始建国为元祀。",以及《竹书》:"十一年庚寅,周始伐商。而《管子》及《家语》以为十二年,盖通成君之岁也。"这两句表明古人在唐代的时候,就已对《今本竹书纪年》中的"干支纪年"进行分析,而且有不同观点。由此推理,《今本竹书纪年》这个古代的历史研究文本,应该不晚于唐朝。《今本竹书纪年》并不是简单的"杂陈",值得大家进一步讨论研究。附表商周王年断代工程年份推算年份金文、文献、甲骨文记载《今本》年份干支《今本竹书纪年》相应记载武王十一年前1051年庚寅(商纣王)五十二年庚寅,周始伐殷。秋,周师次于鲜原。冬十有二月,周师有事于上帝。庸、蜀、羌、髳、微、卢、彭、濮从周师伐殷(伐殷至邢丘,更名邢丘曰怀)。武王十二年前1046年前1050年"利簋":"武王征商,唯甲子朝,岁鼎。"为武王十二年、前1050年2月10日、夏历十二月三十日甲子,为武王克商之日。辛卯(周武王)十二年辛卯,王率西夷诸侯伐殷,败之于坶野。王亲禽受于南单之台,遂分天之明。立受子禄父,是为武庚。夏四月,王归于丰,飨于太庙。命监殷,遂狩于管。作《大�Since the state published the research results of Xia Shang Zhou Chronology Project(simplified version) in 2000, many experts and scholars have studied and perfected the previous conclusions in various ways. The author thinks that SkyMap and Yitong calendar can be used to analyze hundreds of calendars contained in bronze articles of Western Zhou Dynasty. And combined with some important historical documents, especially the Ganzhi chronology in Jinben Bamboo Annals, they could directly calculate and restore the ages of the kings of the Western Zhou Dynasty. The author reexamines and rearranges the time of the twelve Kings of the Western Zhou Dynasty, and especially points out that the year of King Wu of Zhou cutting Zhou is 1050 BC, which is different from the Xia Shang Zhou Chronology Project. At the same time, through the mutual verification of Ganzhi calendar and historical documents, the author thinks that the historical events recorded in Jinben Bamboo Annals are true and objective, and should be a historical dating engineering document for the follow-up study of predecessors’ Jizhong Chronicle, which is not a simple "miscellaneous display", and its content is worth further discussion and study.

关 键 词：历法 天象 西周王年 今本竹书纪年 

分 类 号：P192[天文地球—天文学]