巧借艺人说唱,抒写兴亡之感——论民间说唱对孔尚任及其戏曲创作的影响  

Applying Artists’Rapping to Express the Feeling of Rise and Fall——The Influence of Folk Rap on KONG Shang-ren and his Opera Compositions

作　　者：纪德君[1,2] JI De-jun

机构地区：[1]广州大学人文学院,广州510006 [2]广州大学广府文化研究中心,广州510006

出　　处：《求是学刊》2021年第4期138-146,共9页Seeking Truth

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“中国历代说唱文艺研究资料整理与研究”(17ZDA246);国家社科基金重点项目“中国古代说唱文学文献辑释与研究”(16AZW006)。

摘　　要：清初民间说唱艺术风行,受文人士大夫爱听说唱并且喜欢品评说唱艺人之风气的濡染,特别是受故里前辈贾凫西的影响,孔尚任不仅喜爱说唱艺术,而且喜欢赋诗撰文描述其耳闻目睹的民间说唱表演。在创作《桃花扇》时,孔尚任则自觉秉承了戏曲史上援引民间说唱入戏的创作传统,有意借用贾凫西的鼓词来开宗明义、卒章显志,并且让说唱艺人柳敬亭、苏昆生深度介入男女主人公的离合故事,一方面发挥牵引、聚合故事情节的纽带作用,另一方面展现其侠肝义胆与气节操守,以"愧天下之士大夫",从而写出了一部具有深邃历史意识与深厚人民情怀的经典作品。The art of folk rap was popular in the early Qing dynasty.Influenced by the literati and scholars who liked listening to rap and commenting on rap artists,and especially by the influence of his hometown predecessor JIA Fu-xi,KONG Shang-ren not only loved the art of rap,but also liked to write poems describing the folk rap performances he had heard and witnessed.When creating The Peach-Blossom Fan,KONG Shang-ren consciously followed the tradition of invoking folk rap in the history of opera,intentionally borrowed JIA Fu-xi’s drum lyrics to open the play and make the finishing point,and promoted rap artists LIU Jing-ting and SU Kun-sheng to be deeply involved in the story of the hero and heroine’s love affair,which played the role of a link that draws and unites the storyline on the one hand,and showed his chivalry and integrity on the other hand,in order to"shame the scholars and great men of the world".Thus he wrote a classic work with deep historical awareness and profound people’s sentiments.

关 键 词：孔尚任 说唱艺术 柳敬亭 苏昆生 《桃花扇》 

分 类 号：I207.3[文学—中国文学]