当前我国传统农区闲置宅基地的治理模式——基于皖鄂赣三地宅改试点的多案例比较分析  

An Analysis of the Current Governance Model of Idle Homestead in Traditional Agricultural Areas of China--A Comparative Analysis of Multiple Cases based on the Pilot Projects of Housing Reform in Anhui,Hubei,and Jiangxi Provinces

作　　者：王向阳 邢韵龄 WANG Xiang-yang;XING Yun-ling(School of Public Administration and Politics and Law, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China;Party School of CPC Yibin Municipal Committee, Yibin 644600, Sichuan, China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学公共管理学院,四川成都610031 [2]中共宜宾市委党校,四川宜宾644600

出　　处：《华南理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第5期118-128,共11页Journal of South China University of Technology(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“乡村振兴背景下农村‘三治’协同机制研究”(18CZZ037)。

摘　　要：当前,如何有效激活利用我国传统农区闲置宅基地已成为社会各界广泛关注的一项重要议题。引入新制度供给理论,基于预期成本、预期收益、改革风险和问题匹配度的多案例比较分析表明:以安徽金寨为典型代表的行政调控型治理模式,改革预期收益较高,却并不能解决传统农区绝大多数村庄的宅基地利用粗放低效问题。以湖北宜城为典型代表的产权再造型治理模式,因传统农区土地市场发育有限,加之居住社会保障属性短时间内无法替代且难以剥离,这一模式同样不能解决传统农区绝大多数村庄中的一般性宅基地闲置问题。以江西余江为典型代表的自主治理型治理模式,改革预期成本较低,但预期收益很高,同时改革风险极低且可控,在最大限度地解决了宅基地利用粗放低效问题的同时,极大地提升了村庄基础设施建设水平和人居环境质量,并最终转化为广大农村居民生活获得感和幸福感。余江模式适用于当前传统农区绝大多数村庄一般情况。At present,how to effectively activate and utilize idle homesteads in traditional agricultural areas of our country has become an important issue of widespread concern from all walks of life.The introduction of the new system supply theory and the comparative analysis of multiple cases based on expected costs,expected benefits,reform risks,and problem matching degree showed that the administrative control governance model represented by Jinzhai in Anhui Province has higher expected benefits from reform,but it does not solve the problem of extensive and inefficient use of homesteads in most villages in traditional agricultural areas.The property right remodeling governance model,which is represented by Yicheng in Hubei Province,cannot solve the general problem of idle homestead in most villages in traditional agricultural areas because of the limited development of land market in traditional agricultural areas and the fact that the property of residential social security cannot be replaced and is difficult to be stripped in a short time.The autonomous governance model represented by Yujiang,Jiangxi Province,has relatively low expected cost of reform,but high expected benefits.At the same time,the reform risk is extremely low and controllable.While solving the problem of extensive and inefficient use of homestead land to the maximum extent,it has greatly improved the level of village infrastructure construction and the quality of living environment,and finally translated into the sense of gain and happiness of rural residents.Therefore,the Yujiang model is suitable for most villages in traditional agricultural areas.

关 键 词：传统农区 闲置宅基地 行政调控型 产权再造型 自主治理型 

分 类 号：F321.1[经济管理—产业经济]