缅甸边境地区高效氯氰菊酯室内滞留喷洒控制疟疾媒介按蚊的效果评价  

Evaluation of the effectiveness of indoor residual spraying with beta cypermethrin for malaria vector control in the Myanmar border area

作　　者：田鹏[1] 林祖锐[1] 孙晓东[1] 段凯霞 郭祥瑞[2] 李仕刚 周红宁[1] TIAN Peng;LIN Zu-rui;SUN Xiao-dong;DUAN Kai-xia;GUO Xiang-rui;LI Shi-gang;ZHOU Hong-ning(Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vector-borne,Control and Research&Yunnan Innovative Team of Key Techniques for Vector Borne Disease Control and Prevention(Developing)of Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Disease,Pu'er Yunnan 665000;Yingjiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,679300)

机构地区：[1]云南省虫媒传染病防控研究重点实验室,云南省虫媒传染病防控关键技术创新团队(培育),云南省寄生虫病防治所,云南普洱665000 [2]盈江县疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国病原生物学杂志》2021年第7期850-852,共3页Journal of Pathogen Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.81960374)。

摘　　要：目的了解缅甸边境地区高效氯氰菊酯室内滞留喷洒控制疟疾媒介按蚊的效果,为中缅边境地区疟疾媒介按蚊控制提供科学依据。方法 2018年7-10月在缅甸边境地区克钦邦选择3个居民点,采用0.03 g/m2高效氯氰菊酯进行室内滞留喷洒,采用诱蚊灯法捕蚊,监测按蚊种群密度变化情况。3个试验点同时于喷洒前15 d和喷洒后每间隔15 d监测1次,每次连续观察3个通宵,连续监测75 d。结果高效氯氰菊酯共喷洒2 273户,覆盖率95.46%,消耗杀虫剂132.5 kg;喷洒前15 d, 3个居民点按蚊平均密度为4.16只/(灯·夜),其中微小按蚊占捕获按蚊总数的79.14%,密度3.29只/(灯·夜);喷洒后15 d, 3个居民点按蚊平均密度为0.47只/(灯·夜),其中微小按蚊平均密度为0.17只/(灯·夜)。喷洒前后按蚊和微小按蚊平均密度差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。喷洒后第75 d按蚊密度为1.24只/(灯·夜),微小按蚊密度为0.16只/(灯·夜),与喷洒前比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。结论高效氯氰菊酯室内滞留喷洒对中缅边境地区缅甸克钦邦疟疾媒介按蚊控制效果明显且持久,但应做好按蚊对杀虫剂抗性监测工作。Objective To investigate the effectiveness of indoor residual spraying with beta cypermethrin in controlling the malaria vector Anopheles in order to provide a scientific basis for malaria control in the China-Myanmar border area.Methods Study sites were 3 residential areas in the border area of the State of Kachin,Myanmar,and indoor residual spraying with 0.03 g/m2 beta cypermethrin was performed from July to October 2018.Mosquito traps were used to catch mosquitoes, and changes in the Anopheles population density were monitored.The three test sites were monitored at the same time 15 days before spraying and every 15 days after spraying.Each time,they were continuously observed for 3 nights over 75 days.Results Beta cypermethrin was sprayed in 2,273 households;the coverage rate was 95.46%,and132.5 kg of the pesticide was consumed.The average density of Anopheles in the three residential areas was 4.16 individuals/(lamp·night).An.minimus accounted for 79.14% of the total number of Anopheles captured,and its density was 3.29 individuals/(lamp·night).Fifteen days after spraying,the average density of Anopheles in the three residential areas was 0.47 individual/(lamp·night).The average density of An.minimus was 0.17 individual/(lamp·night).There were significant differences in the average density of Anopheles and An.minimus before and after spraying(P<0.05).On the75 th day after spraying,the density of Anopheles was 1.24/(lamp·night),and the density of An.minimus was 0.16 individual/(lamp·night).These densities differed significantly from those before spraying(P<0.01).Conclusion High-efficiency indoor residual spraying with beta cypermethrin had an obvious and lasting effect on controlling the Anopheles malaria vector in the State of Kachin,Myanmar in the border area between China and Myanmar,but the resistance of Anopheles to insecticides should be monitored.

关 键 词：缅甸边境地区 疟疾媒介 按蚊 高效氯氰菊酯 室内滞留喷洒 效果评价 

分 类 号：R384.1[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]