传统民居光环境实测与模拟优化--以黔东南丹寨县黄土寨苗族民居为例  

Measurement and simulation optimization of light environment oftraditional dwellings: the case study of Miao dwelling in Huangtu Village,Danzhai County, Southeast Guizhou

作　　者：黄海静[1,2] 董张 HUANG Haijing;DONG Zhang(School of Architecture and Urban Planning,Ministry of Education,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400045,P.R.China;Key Laboratory of New Technology for Construction of Cities in Mountain Area,Ministry of Education,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400045,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学建筑城规学院,重庆400045 [2]重庆大学山地城镇建设与新技术教育部重点实验室,重庆400045

出　　处：《重庆大学学报》2021年第9期17-30,共14页Journal of Chongqing University

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划子课题(2017YFC0702403);重庆市基础科学与前沿技术研究专项资助项目(cstc2017jcyjAX0214);中央高校基本科研业务费前沿交叉学科培育专项(2018CDQYJZ0032)。

摘　　要：传统民居基本为村民自建,极少考虑建筑的光环境设计,室内采光效果差。为改善传统民居建筑光环境,对黔东南地区丹寨县黄土寨中一栋具有代表性的苗族民居进行光环境实验测量,并结合该民居建筑的空间特征对其光环境进行研究,结果显示:该民居主要功能房间的采光性能均未达到建筑采光设计标准要求;房间的采光口大小及位置、室内空间形态、表面材料的反射性能等因素均会对其室内光环境产生影响。运用软件模拟对各影响因素进行量化分析,以对原建筑风貌和空间结构的影响最小化为光环境改造前提,从调整采光口的大小及数量、增加屋面亮瓦及檐下采光口、铺贴浅色墙纸、设置可调节反光百叶等方面,提出传统民居光环境综合优化改造策略。本研究可为传统民居室内光环境保护性改造,以及新建民居的采光设计提供借鉴和参考。Because traditional dwellings are basically built by the villagers,and the light environment design is rarely considered,the indoor lighting effect of the building is poor.In order to improve the light environment of traditional dwellings,a light environment experiment was carried out on a representative Miao dwelling in Huangtu Village,Danzhai County,Southeast Guizhou.The light environment was studied in combination with the spatial characteristics of the dwellings.The results show that the daylighting performances of the main rooms do not meet the requirements of standard for daylighting design.The size and position of daylighting windows,the form of interior space,and the reflective properties of surface materials all have an impact on the interior light environment.Quantitative analysis of various influential factors was conducted by software simulation.With the premise of minimizing the impact of light environment transformation on the original architectural features and spatial structure,the comprehensive optimization strategies for light environment of traditional dwellings were put forward,such as adjusting the size and quantity of lighting windows,increasing the roof daylighting tiles and daylighting windows under the eaves,paving light color wallpaper,and setting adjustable reflective louver.The results of the study can provide reference for the protective transformation of interior lighting environment of traditional dwellings and the daylighting design of new dwellings.

关 键 词：黔东南地区 传统民居 光环境 优化策略 保护性改造 

分 类 号：TU241.5[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]