反不正当竞争法视角下数据抓取行为违法性的认定  

The Identification of Illegal Data Capture from the Perspective of Anti-unfair Competition Law

作　　者：刘继峰[1] 张雅 LIU Jifeng;ZHANG Ya

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学民商经济法学院

出　　处：《西北工业大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第4期102-111,共10页Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“完善权利与权力配置关系及运行制约法律机制研究”(20AZD107)。

摘　　要：作为数字经济时代的关键生产要素,数据成为互联网企业争相抢夺的重要资源。实践中爬虫技术与反爬虫技术的博弈生动体现了数据抓取与数据保护的矛盾关系。我国当前对于数据抓取行为的竞争法规制主要依照反不正当竞争法第二条一般条款。在这一条款的具体运用中,需要遵循社会整体利益最大化原则平衡数据保护与竞争权益之间的冲突、数据开放与信息保护之间的冲突;还需要通过对竞争关系、行为正当性、数据必需设施抗辩等实践中争议较大且严重影响违法性认定的因素进行考察,明确反不正当竞争法视角下数据抓取行为的违法边界和正当性空间。As a key production factor in the age of digital economy,data has become crucial resources that internet businesses compete for.The practical game between crawler technology and anti-crawler technology vividly demonstrates the contradiction between data capture and data protection.China’s current competition rules against data capture are mainly in accordance with the second general provision of anti-unfair competition law.In the specific application of that provision,the principle of maximal overall social interest need to be followed to balance the clash between data protection and competition rights,and that between data sharing and information protection.Investigation needs to be conducted into those factors,namely,competition relationship,behavior legality,and defense for necessary data facilities,which are controversial and considerably affect illegality identification in practice.Thus,from the perspective of competition law,the illegal boundary and legal space can be confirmed.

关 键 词：数据抓取 正当性 不正当竞争 数据垄断 

分 类 号：D922.294[政治法律—经济法学]