河谷区采空诱发缓倾岩质斜坡变形破坏模式研究  

Research on deformation and failure mode of gently inclined rocky slope induced by goaf in river valley

作　　者：梁风[1,2] 彭雄武 史文兵[1,2] 卢家琦 吴明艳 LIANG Feng;PENG Xiongwu;SHI Wenbing;LU Jiaqi;WU Mingyan(Resources and Environmental Engineering College,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment,Ministry of Education,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学资源与环境工程学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州大学喀斯特地质资源与环境教育部重点实验室,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《人民长江》2021年第9期126-130,共5页Yangtze River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42067046);贵州省教育厅青年科技人才成长项目(KY[2018]117);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合平台人才[2018]5781号);贵州大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201910657103)。

摘　　要：为研究采空区变形对河谷区岩质斜坡变形破坏过程的影响,以贵州省清镇市小二岩斜坡为研究对象,运用底摩擦物理模型试验,将物理模型分别设置为预制裂隙组和无预制裂隙组,研究采空区变形影响下岩质斜坡破坏过程,并探讨该类斜坡的变形破坏模式。初步研究发现:①两组试验共同点是由于采空区导致小二岩斜坡出现变形,小二岩斜坡为缓倾上硬下软型结构,采空区上覆顶板在重力作用下发生弯曲变形导致采空沉陷。②无预制裂隙组模型总的变形演化过程为采空沉陷-坡体中产生拉裂缝-裂隙拓展延伸至坡顶。③预制裂隙组模型总的变形演化过程为采空沉陷-卸荷裂隙贯通至坡脚-发生滑塌。④分析认为在对斜坡体预制卸荷裂隙后,卸荷裂隙对于斜坡的变形模式有较大影响,小二岩斜坡变形破坏的地质力学模式可分为表生改造和拉裂-滑塌(或拉裂-倾倒)2个阶段。In order to study the influence of deformation of a goaf on the deformation and failure process of a rocky slope in valley area,the Xiaoeryan slope in Qingzhen City,Guizhou Province was taken as the research object,and the physical model test of bottom friction was used to set up the physical model,in which prefabricated fracture group and non-prefabricated fracture group were made respectively.We studied the failure process of the rocky slope under influence of goaf deformation,and discussed the deformation failure mode.Preliminary research found that:①The common point of the two experiments was that the goaf caused the deformation of the Xiaoeryan slope.The Xiaoeryan slope was a gently inclined slope of upper hard and lower soft structure,and the overlying roof of the goaf was bent and deformed under the action of gravity,leading to goaf sink.②The general deformation evolution process of the non-prefabricated fracture group model was mined-out subsidence,tensile fractures appearing in the slope,and the fractures extending to top of the slope.③The overall deformation evolution process of the prefabricated fracture group model was the goaf subsidence,the unloading fracture penetrating to the toe of the slope,and collapse occurring.④We believed that after prefabricating unloading cracks on the slope body,the unloading cracks had a great impact on the deformation mode of the slope.The geomechanical mode of deformation and failure of Xiaoeryan slopes can be divided into 2 stages of superficial transformation and fracturing-toppling(or splitting-dumping).

关 键 词：采空区 缓倾岩质斜坡 变形破坏 卸荷裂隙 底摩擦试验 

分 类 号：U418.55[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] P642.22[天文地球—工程地质学]