云南八角果实形态多样性研究及种质潜力分析  

Diversity of Fruit Phenotypic Characters and Germplasm Potential of Illicium verum in Yunnan

作　　者：余兴华[1] 李玉祥[1] 陶永宏[1] 孟凡来[1] 滕娟[1] 黄兴粉 YU Xing-hua;LI Yu-xiang;TAO Yong-hong;MENG Fan-lai;TENG Juan;HUANG Xing-fen(Wenshan Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Yunnan,Wenshan 663099,China)

机构地区：[1]文山州农业科学院,云南文山663099

出　　处：《浙江林业科技》2021年第5期1-7,共7页Journal of Zhejiang Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：云南省青年项目(2017FD243);云南省文山州基础科学研究项目(2019WF03)。

摘　　要：2020年9月,选取云南省文山州5个县的100株树龄为18年左右的八角Illicium verum单株的果实(秋果)为供试材料,对13个果实形态指标进行变异分析、主成分分析、聚类分析及综合评价。结果表明,不同单株八角果实性状具有较大的表型差异,果实性状的变异系数在6.34%~23.67%,多样性指数在0.98~2.04,存在丰富的遗传多样性;相关性分析表明单果鲜质量与果径、果厚、角瓣长、角瓣宽、角瓣厚均存在极显著正相关(P<0.01);主成分分析将13个果实性状分为5个主成分,其累计贡献率达84.70%;综合评价筛选出10份性状优异的种质,其中3份八角种质呈现角数多于8个的多角性状,7份种质呈现出果径大、鲜果厚、角瓣长的特点,具有潜在的增产能力;聚类分析将100株单株划分为4个类群,第一类果实特征为中等,第二类较好,可在此类群中选择优良种质进行发掘利用,第三、第四类呈现出果实小的特征。上述分析结果将为八角资源的发掘与利用提供依据。In September 2020,100 individual 18-year Illicium verum were selected for harvesting their fruits in 5 counties in Yunnan province.Variance analysis,principal component analysis,cluster analysis and comprehensive evaluation was made on 13 fruit phenotypic traits.The results showed that it had great differences of fruit phenotypic traits among different individuals,with coefficient of variation of 6.34%-23.67%,and diversity index of 0.98-2.04.Correlation analysis showed that it had significant(P<0.01)positive correlation of quality of fresh single fruit with fruit diameter,fruit thickness,follicle length,width and thickness.The main component analysis demonstrated 5 main components from 13 fruit traits,with cumulative contribution rate of 84.70%.10 individuals were selected for elite characters by comprehensive evaluation,of which 3 individuals had better comprehensive characters,and 7 had larger fruit diameter,thicker fresh fruit,longer follicle,indicating potential larger yield.Cluster analysis showed that 100 individuals could be divided into 4 groups.

关 键 词：八角 果实性状 遗传多样性 综合评价 云南 

分 类 号：S573.9[农业科学—作物学]